分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks)
真鯊目 (Ground sharks) >
Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
白眼鮫科 (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Carcharhinus: karcharos (Gr.), sharp or jagged; rhinus, an ancient name for sharks, from rhine (Gr.), rasp, both words alluding to a shark's jagged, rasp-like skin. (See ETYFish); amblyrhynchos: In honor of British zoologist John Francis George Wheeler (1900-1979), former Director of the East African Marine Fisheries Research Organization, whose 1953 account of this shark, as C. amblyrhynchos, is the first definitive record of this species [treated as a junior synonym of C. amblyrhynchos by some workers]. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 55178), usually 0 - 280 m (Ref. 6871). 熱帶; 29°N - 35°S, 33°E - 151°W (Ref. 55178)
Indo-West Pacific to Central Pacific: Madagascar and the Mauritius-Seychelles area to Tuamoto Archipelago; north to southern China; south to northern Australia.
印度-太平洋: 馬達加斯加與模里西斯-塞錫爾群島的區域, 可能地印度; 也紅海到南非如果 韋氏真鯊〔Carcharhinus wheeleri〕 是與本種同種異名。 在太平洋, 它範圍從中國南部到澳洲北部與 Tuamoto 列島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 128.0, range 96 - 142 cm
Max length : 255 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2334); 172.0 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 33.7 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年齡: 25 年 (Ref. 37816)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 0. Dark grey or bronze-grey above, white below; caudal fin with a conspicuous wide black posterior margin; undersides of pectoral and pelvic fins with black tips and posterior margins, but fins otherwise not conspicuously black or white-tipped except for white-tipped first dorsal in some individuals (Ref. 9997).
深灰色或青銅色-灰色的上方, 腹面白色的; 尾鰭有一個顯著的寬黑色的後緣; 胸鰭下面與腹鰭有黑色頂端與後緣, 但是鰭不一樣地不明顯的頂端黑色或白色的除了尖端白色的第一背鰭在一些魚種中.(參考文獻 9997)
Occurs on continental and insular shelves and oceanic waters adjacent to them (Ref. 244). Common on coral reefs, often in deeper areas near drop-offs to the open sea, in atoll passes, and in shallow lagoons adjacent to areas of strong currents (Ref. 244). Coastal-pelagic near the bottom, near drop-offs at 1-275 m (Ref. 58302). Forms daytime schools or aggregations in favored areas (Ref. 244). Although active during the day, it is more active nocturnally (Ref. 244). Viviparous, with 1-6 pups (Ref. 37816). Feeds on reef fishes, squids, octopi, crabs, lobsters and shrimps (Ref. 244, 5578). Tends to be aggressive under baited conditions (Ref. 6871) and readily enters into a frenzy feeding pattern, at which time it may become quite dangerous. Repeatedly incriminated in human attacks. Utilized for human consumption, fishmeal, and other shark products. Minimum depth from Ref. 6871. Maximum length of female taken from Ref. 5213.
生活於大陸棚與島嶼棚，而且大洋性水域鄰近他們。 (參考文獻 244) 常見於珊瑚礁, 常見於在海峭壁到開放海域附近的較深的區域中, 在環礁峽谷中, 而且在潟湖淺灘中鄰近強水流的區域.(參考文獻 244) 沿岸及大洋性的近底部, 在 1-275 公尺的海峭壁的附近.(參考文獻 58302) 在有利的區域中形成白天的魚群或群集。 (參考文獻 244) 雖然活躍的在白天期間，它夜行地更活躍.(參考文獻 244) 胎生的, 1-6個幼胎.(參考文獻 37816) 吃珊瑚礁魚類，烏賊，章魚，螃蟹，龍蝦與蝦。 (參考文獻 244,5578) 傾向侵略性在吃東西的情況 (參考文獻 6871) 下面與輕易地進入一個狂暴食物, 那時它可能變成相當危險。 重複地牽連在攻擊人類。 供人類食用, 魚粉 , 與其他的鯊魚產品。 母魚的最大長度取自.參考文獻 5213.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449). 1-6 pups in a litter (Ref. 244). Gestation period about 12 months (Ref. 244). Size at birth 50 to 60 cm (Ref. 26346, 37816) or 75 cm (Ref. 244). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 馬達加斯加與模里西斯-塞錫爾群島的區域, 可能地印度; 也紅海到南非如果 韋氏真鯊〔Carcharhinus wheeleri〕 是與本種同種異名。 在太平洋, 它範圍從中國南部到澳洲北部與 Tuamoto 列島。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
瀕危 (EN) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 03 July 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.5 - 29, mean 27.5 °C (based on 4022 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00297 - 0.00846), b=3.13 (2.99 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (tm=7; tmax=25; K=0.05-0.86; Fec=1-6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 5.22 [1.08, 26.72] mg/100g; Iron = 0.37 [0.09, 1.07] mg/100g; Protein = 22 [19, 24] %; Omega3 = 0.123 [0.051, 0.293] g/100g; Selenium = 56.3 [15.3, 156.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 40.1 [15.4, 109.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.496 [0.237, 0.971] mg/100g (wet weight);
