You can sponsor this page

Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788)

Porbeagle
添加你自己的观测位置在 Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Lamna nasus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上传你的 图片 和 影像
Pictures | Videos | 谷歌图片


Australia country information

Common names: Mackerel shark, Porbeagle
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in southern Australia, from southern Western Australia to southern New South Wales (Ref. 6871). Common off Tasmania and taken as a bycatch by Japanese longliners fishing for Thunnus maccoyii (Ref. 6871). Also Ref. 7300.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/as.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.csiro.au/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) > Lamnidae (Mackerel sharks or white shark)
Etymology: Lamna: From the Greek lamia, a large and voracious shark, originally from Lamia in Greek mythology, daughter of King Belos, who revenged the murder of her children by killing the children of others, and who behaved so cruelly that her face turned into a nightmarish mask. (See ETYFish);  nasus: Latin for nose, referring to moderately long conical snout. (See ETYFish).
  More on author: Bonnaterre.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1360 m (Ref. 114967), usually 0 - 300 m (Ref. 119696).   溫帶; -1°C - 23°C (Ref. 98315); 76°N - 59°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 247)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Circumglobal, amphitemperature with centers of distribution in the North Atlantic and temperate water of the southern hemisphere; not in equatorial seas.
南北溫帶。 西大西洋: 加拿大紐芬蘭到紐澤西州美國; 可能地巴西南部到阿根廷。 東大西洋: 冰島與 Barents海西部到南非, 包括地中海。 西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。 東南太平洋: 智利。 南極海: 外海的南喬治亞州與凱爾蓋朗群島。 印度洋.(參考文獻 6871)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 186.5, range 170 - 219 cm
Max length : 350 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4645); common length : 244 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5951); 最大体重: 230.0 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 65 年 (Ref. 119696)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. A stout, spindle-shaped shark with large black eyes, a sharp, conical snout, long gill slits, and small, smooth-edged, narrow teeth with side cusps (Ref. 5578, 88171). Strong keels on the caudal peduncle, short secondary keels on the caudal base, and a crescentic caudal fin; the insertion of the small second dorsal fin is above the insertion of the anal fin (Ref. 88171). Dark grey dorsally, white ventrally, without blotches (Ref. 6581, 43278); rear tip of 1st dorsal abruptly white (Ref. 5578).
矮胖, 纺锤形的鲨鱼有大的黑色眼,一个锐利又锥形吻, 与小的,边缘平滑的,和狭窄的牙齿有旁的尖头.(参考文献 5578) 背面暗灰色的,腹面白色的, 没有斑块;(参考文献 6581) 第一背鳍的后顶端醒目的白色.(参考文献 5578)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs inshore to offshore fishing banks and occasionally to open ocean areas. It is migratory, moves generally along the continental shelves (inshore to surface during simmer) and winters offshore in deeper water (Ref. 58085). Most abundant on continental offshore fishing banks but also found far from land in ocean basins and occasionally close inshore (Ref. 247). Extreme depth reported to 1,360 meters. Age attained in North Atlantic at least 26 years and in the Southern Hemisphere probably 65 years (Ref. 119696). Specimens tagged off southern England were recaptured in northern Norway (having travelled 2,370 km), Denmark and Spain (Ref. 88752, 88753). The northwest Atlantic stock migrates from Newfoundland, Canada in the winter to Massachusetts in the summer (Ref. 43278, 88754). Trans-Atlantic migrations have also been recorded. One of the most cold-tolerant sharks; in the northwest Atlantic mostly found from 5-10°C (Ref. 88755); with extremes of -1°C and 23°C (Ref. 119696). Known to temporarily tolerate salinities as low as 10 to follow its prey (Ref. 88740). Found singly and in schools and feeding aggregations (Ref. 247). Feeds on small and medium-sized pelagic schooling species, other sharks, squid (Ref. 5578) and demersal fishes (cod, white hake, red hake, haddock and cusk (Ref. 5951, 43278)). Ovoviviparous species (Ref. 43278, 50449). Females grow larger than males (Ref. 88756). Parasites include Phyllobothrium dagnallium (found in stomach, intestine and spiral valve) and Dinobothrium sp. (Ref. 5951). Regarded as potentially dangerous to people because of its size and activity but has never or very seldom been indicted in an attack on people or boats (Ref. 247). Considered by some as a sport fish (Ref. 84357). The flesh of the porbeagle is of good quality and texture and is said to taste like swordfish (Ref. 84357). Utilized fresh, dried or salted and frozen for human consumption; for oil and fishmeal; fins for shark-fin soup (Ref. 247). May be pan-fried and broiled (Ref. 9988). Catch records and studies in the northeast Atlantic show segregation by sex and size (Ref. 56108, 88756, 88757).

最丰富的在大陆的外海钓鱼浅堆上也发现在海洋流域远离土地与偶然地近岸.(参考文献 247) 各别地发现与成群与觅食群集.(参考文献 247) 吃小型大洋性鱼类群游性鱼,其他的鲨鱼与乌贼。 (参考文献 5578) 卵胎生的, 胚胎吃产生于母亲的卵黄囊与其他的卵.(参考文献 50449) 1 到 5个幼胎一胎。 (参考文献 247) 被认为对人类可能有危险性了由于它的大小与活动但是从不或极少在对人或船的攻击被起诉.(参考文献 247) 生鲜使用, 干燥或盐腌与冷冻供人类消费; 用做鱼油与鱼粉; 鳍用於魚翅湯.(參考文獻 247) 可能是油鍋炸而火烤的.(參考文獻 9988)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Ovoviviparous (aplacental viviparity), with uterine cannibalism (embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed) (Ref. 43278, 50449). With 1-5 (usually 4) pups in a litter (Ref. 6871, 43278). Reproduction probably yearly (Ref. 45602). In the northeast Atlantic, breeding grounds are off the coast of Europe and the British Isles. Embryos found in mature females throughout the year except from July to September. Mating occurs in late summer, pups are born in the spring of the following year (Ref. 43278). Gestation may last 8-9 months. Size at birth 60-80 cm TL (Ref. 6871, 43278).南北溫帶。 西大西洋: 加拿大紐芬蘭到紐澤西州美國; 可能地巴西南部到阿根廷。 東大西洋: 冰島與 Barents海西部到南非, 包括地中海。 西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。 東南太平洋: 智利。 南極海: 外海的南喬治亞州與凱爾蓋朗群島。 印度洋.(參考文獻 6871)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | 合作者

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 06 November 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)


对人类的威胁

  引起创伤的 (Ref. 4690)




人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO(渔业: 产生, 物种外形; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水产养殖描述
品种
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
合作者
References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

下载 XML

网络资源

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 3.1 - 16.3, mean 7.8 (based on 1486 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7813   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00604 - 0.01816), b=3.03 (2.87 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.6   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.12; tm=5; tmax=30; Fec=1-5).
Prior r = 0.05, 95% CL = 0.03 - 0.07, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (62 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.