You can sponsor this page

Leucoraja circularis (Couch, 1838)

Sandy ray
Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Leucoraja circularis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Google image
Image of Leucoraja circularis (Sandy ray)
Leucoraja circularis
Picture by FAO

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Leucoraja: Greek, leykos = white + Latin, raja = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 10 - 800 m (Ref. 106604).   Temperate; 67°N - 27°N, 25°W - 37°E

Sự phân bố Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Point map | Những chỉ dẫn | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic (Iceland, southern Norway, Skagerrak and Morocco) and the Mediterranean Sea. Records as far south to Mauritania and Senegal could not be verified due to lacking descriptions and specimens; most are probably misidentifications of Leucoraja leucosticta.

Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 4426); 117.0 cm TL (female); common length : 70.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 4426)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0. Snout short, its tip somewhat pronounced; upper surface entirely spinulose, about 8 thorns generally in a complete row around inner margin of eye and a triangle of thorns on nape or shoulder region; underside with prickles only on snout, between gill-slits, along abdomen, and at anterior margins of disc; tail only slightly longer than body; upper surface reddish-brown to dark brown with 4-6 creamy spots on each wing, underside white (Ref. 3167).

Sinh học     Tự điển (thí dụ epibenthic)

Found in offshore shelf waters and on upper slope, mainly around the 100 m line (Ref. 3167). Depth range from 70-275 m (Ref. 03167), and from 463-676 m in eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 8.3-9.2 cm long and 4.6-5.3 cm wide (Ref. 41303, 41251, 41311). Maximum length for female is 117 cm (Ref. 41333).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). With no definite egg laying period (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối : McEachran, John | Người cộng tác

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Endangered (EN) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 30 October 2014

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ
FAO(Các nghề cá: Sản xuất; publication : search) | FishSource | Biển chung quanh ta

Thêm thông tin

Trophic ecology
Các loại thức ăn
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Các động vật ăn mồi
Ecology
Sinh thái học
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Sự tái sinh sản
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Ấu trùng
Sự biến động ấu trùng
Anatomy
Gill areas
Não bộ
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Dạng bơi
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Âm thanh của cá
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Di truyền
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Các tổng quan nuôi trồng thủy sản
Các giống
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Các công cụ

Special reports

Download XML

Các nguồn internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.5 - 14.2, mean 11.3 (based on 116 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00269 (0.00165 - 0.00438), b=3.20 (3.06 - 3.34), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179):  thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.