Brazil country information

Common names: Apapa, Apapá, Apapa amarela
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50591). Also Ref. 188.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1996
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Sardinata, 亚马逊多齿鳓, Amazon-pellona-sild, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Pristigasteridae (Pristigasterids)
Etymology: Pellona: Derived from Latin, pellis = skin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; brackish; pelagic. Tropical; 0°S - 13°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

South America: Amazon system (Iquitos on Peruvian Amazon and Ambyiacos River in Ecuador to Manáos and perhaps Pará), the Guianas (Lake Amuku area where the Amazon and Essequibo systems join in wet years).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); max. published weight: 7.1 kg (Ref. 40637)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 34 - 38. Belly with 23 or 24 + 8 to 11, total 33 or 34 scutes. Lower jaw projecting; upper jaw with a toothed hypo-maxillary bone between hind tip of pre-maxilla and lower bulge of maxilla blade; lower gill rakers 12 to 14 (in fishes of 20 to 50 cm standard length). Pelvic fins with a distinct axillary scale; anal fin long, its origin under dorsal fin base. Scales fairly small.

Occurs in rivers, apparently not entering the sea, although presumably tolerating at least some salinity at the Amazon mouth. More data needed.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predators

Ecology
Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Abundances

Life cycle
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
Brains
Otoliths

Physiology
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Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetics
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Human related
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Aquaculture profiles
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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References
References

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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00579 - 0.01576), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.56 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Pellona castelnaeana Valenciennes, 1847