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Pellona castelnaeana Valenciennes, 1847

Amazon pellona
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Pellona castelnaeana
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Brazil country information

Common names: Apapa, Apapá, Apapa amarela
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50591). Also Ref. 188.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1996
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Pristigasteridae (Pristigasterids)
Etymology: Pellona: Derived from Latin, pellis = skin (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水; 半咸淡水 大洋性.   熱帶; 0°S - 13°S

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

South America: Amazon system (Iquitos on Peruvian Amazon and Ambyiacos River in Ecuador to Manáos and perhaps Pará), the Guianas (Lake Amuku area where the Amazon and Essequibo systems join in wet years).
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域 (在厄瓜多到 Manaos 的在祕魯的亞馬遜河與 Ambyiacos 河上的伊奇多與也許帕拉), 圭亞那.(湖 Amuku 區域在哪裡亞馬遜河與 Essequibo 系統加入濕的年)

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 最大体重: 7.1 kg (Ref. 40637)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 34 - 38. Belly with 23 or 24 + 8 to 11, total 33 or 34 scutes. Lower jaw projecting; upper jaw with a toothed hypo-maxillary bone between hind tip of pre-maxilla and lower bulge of maxilla blade; lower gill rakers 12 to 14 (in fishes of 20 to 50 cm standard length). Pelvic fins with a distinct axillary scale; anal fin long, its origin under dorsal fin base. Scales fairly small.
腹面有 23 或者 24+8 到 11, 总计 33 或 34个鳞甲。 下颌突出的; 上颌有在前颚骨与颚骨叶片的低凸起的后部顶端之间的一个有齿的皮下注射-上颌骨的硬骨; 下鳃耙 12 到 14.(在 20 到 50 公分标准长度的鱼中) 腹鳍有一个明显的腋窝鳞片; 臀鳍长的, 在背鳍基底下面的它的起源。 鳞片非常小的。

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs in rivers, apparently not entering the sea, although presumably tolerating at least some salinity at the Amazon mouth. More data needed.

出现于河, 显然地不进入海洋, 虽然可能在亚马逊河嘴容忍至少一些盐度。 需要更多的资料。

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域 (在厄瓜多到 Manaos 的在祕魯的亞馬遜河與 Ambyiacos 河上的伊奇多與也許帕拉), 圭亞那.(湖 Amuku 區域在哪裡亞馬遜河與 Essequibo 系統加入濕的年)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

渔业: 自给性渔业
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00579 - 0.01576), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.56 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (56 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   High.