Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: FAO, 2000
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO, 1997
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from northern (Tung-hsiao, Tai-chung and Chang-hwa) and southern (Erh-jen-shi) Taiwan (Ref. 43515) and from Green Island (Ref. 48451). Collected from mangrove creeks in southwestern Taiwan (Pu-Tai, Pei-Men, and Syh-Tsao) (Ref. 48455). The first successful larviculture in Taiwan occurred in 1978 (Ref. 40297). Also Ref. 49, 36073, 55073.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Shen, S.C. (ed.), 1993
National Database: The Fish Database of Taiwan

Common names from other countries

Chano, Ханос (=молочная рыба), 虱目鱼(遮目鱼), ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gonorynchiformes (Milkfishes) > Chanidae (Milkfish)
Etymology: Chanos: Greek, chanos, -eos, ous, and chasma, -atos = abyss, mouth opened, inmensity (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; süßwasser; brackwasser benthopelagisch; amphidrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 1 - 30 m (Ref. 6898), usually ? - 15 m (Ref. 89972). Tropical; 15°C - 43°C (Ref. 43081); 46°N - 52°S, 19°E - 77°W

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: along continental shelves and around islands, where temperatures are greater than 20°C. Red Sea and South Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesas, north to Japan, south to Victoria, Australia. Eastern Pacific: San Pedro, California to the Galapagos.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 86.1, range 68 - 70 cm
Max length : 180 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9710); 124.0 cm SL (female); common length : 100.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9814); max. veröff. Gewicht: 14.0 kg (Ref. 9814); max. veröff. Alter: 15 Jahre (Ref. 9814)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 2; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 13 - 17; Afterflossenstacheln: 2; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 8 - 10; Wirbelzahl: 46. This species is characterized by the following: body elongate and somewhat compressed; mouth small and toothless; single dorsal about mid-level of the body; pectoral fins falcate; caudal fin large and deeply forked; no scutes on belly; branchiostegal rays 4. Colour of the body olive green dorsally; flanks silvery; unpaired fins with dark margins (Ref. 49, 117228).

Adults are found in offshore marine waters and shallow coastal embayments, but also frequently enter estuaries and occasionally penetrate freshwater streams (Ref. 44894, 52331). They occur in small to large schools near the coasts or around islands where reefs are well developed. Eggs and larvae are pelagic up to 2-3 weeks. Older larvae migrate onshore and settle in coastal wetlands (mangroves, estuaries) during the juvenile stage, or occasionally enter freshwater lakes. Juveniles and sub-adults return to sea where they mature sexually. Mature adults spawn only in fully saline water. Larvae eat zooplankton; juveniles and adults eat cyanobacteria, soft algae, small benthic invertebrates, and even pelagic fish eggs and larvae. Larvae are collected from rivers and are grown in culture ponds into juveniles which are marketed fresh, smoked, canned or frozen. Brood stocks can be raised and spawned in captivity to produce larvae in the hatchery (Ref. 12868). This species can thrive and grow in water as hot as 32° C (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Spawns in clear shallow waters above a bottom of sand or coral and at a distance of not more than 30 km from the shore. Females spawn up to 5 million eggs which hatch in about 24 hr. The larvae seek out clear coastal and estuarine waters warmer than 23°C with 10-32 salinity and abundant phytoplankton. Spawning and fertilization take place at night.

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Bagarinao, T., 1994. Systematics, distribution, genetics and life history of milkfish, Chanos chanos. Environ. Biol. Fishes 39(1):23-41. (Ref. 9814)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 June 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: hoch kommerziell; Aquakultur: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Köder: usually

FAO(Aquaculture systems: production, Artbeschreibung; Fischereien: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 20.7 - 29.2, mean 28.2 (based on 4182 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00651 - 0.01113), b=3.06 (2.98 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.6 ±0.18 se; based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (tm=4-8; tmax=15; Fec=200,000).

Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.42, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Chanos chanos (Fabricius, 1775)