France country information

Common names: Raie étoilée, Razza stellina
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the east coast of Corsica Island (Ref. 95770).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel, 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Raie douce, Raya pintada, Homelyn ray, ... more

Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Fowler.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 8 - 530 m (Ref. 88171). Temperate; 61°N - 16°N, 18°W - 25°E

Sự phân bố Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Point map | Những chỉ dẫn | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Shetlands, southern North Sea and the western Baltic to Mauritania, including the western part of the Mediterranean (to Tunisia and western Greece).

Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: L_m 61.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 6014); common length : 50.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 3261); Tuổi cực đại được báo cáo: 18 các năm (Ref. 88187)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0. Sub-rhomboid in shape with a short rostrum and rounded wing-tips. Upper surface almost smooth in young, but prickly in large specimens, except for bare centers of pectoral fins and hind part of disc, underside nearly smooth; orbital thorns separate, a regular row of 20-50 usually persistent thorns from nape to first dorsal fin; with 1-2 thorns between dorsal fins; 2 equal-sized dorsal fins at end of tail. Brownish dorsally with numerous small dark spots which do not reach the margin of the disc, frequently with a concentration of dark spots forming a ring around a pale centre on hind part of each pectoral fin, underside white (Ref. 3167).

Found mainly along the continental shelf (Ref. 3167). Depth range from 8-283 m in the northeast Atlantic (Ref. 82399), in the southern part of its range it occurs down to 530 m (Ref. 78469, 89037), but most common between 20-120 m (Ref. 88187). Prefers habitats with sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 78469). Juveniles usually found in shallow sandy inshore areas, adults utilize more offshore sand or sand-gravel habitats (Ref. 82399, 89038). Species buries itself to avoid predation and ambush potential prey. Feeds mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 3167) with prey size increasing as it grows (Ref. 88171), also preys on benthic worms, cephalopods and small fishes (Ref. 41849, 58137). Most individuals attain a length of 40-60 cm (Ref. 3261). Oviparous. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Detects weak electric fields generated by other organisms and generate its own weak electric fields (Ref. 10311).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Paired eggs are laid during summer (Ref. 3167). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.3-7.8 cm long and 3.0-5.0 cm wide (Ref. 41250). Fully formed pups hatch after about 5-6 months and are about 11-12 cm in length (Ref. 78469, 88187).

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối : McEachran, John | Người cộng tác

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2007

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ

FAO(Các nghề cá: Sản xuất; publication : search) | FishSource | Biển chung quanh ta

Thêm thông tin

Trophic ecology
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Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Các động vật ăn mồi

Ecology
Sinh thái học
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Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
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Abundances

Life cycle
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Distribution
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Anatomy
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Não bộ
Otoliths

Physiology
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Dạng bơi
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Visual pigment(s)
Âm thanh của cá
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Genetics
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Human related
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Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
Người cộng tác

Taxonomy
Tên thường gặp
Các synonym ( Các tên trùng)
Hình thái học
Sinh trắc học
Các tranh (Ảnh)

References
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7 - 16, mean 9.9 (based on 418 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00240 (0.00193 - 0.00299), b=3.25 (3.21 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278): 3.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (K=0.18-0.21; tm=8; tmax=14; Fec=24).

Prior r = 0.40, 95% CL = 0.27 - 0.61, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Raja montagui Fowler, 1910