Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues)
骨舌魚目 (Bony tongues) >
Mormyridae (Elephantfishes)
象鼻魚科 (Elephantfishes)
Etymology: Petrocephalus: Latin, petra = stone + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶
Africa: Nile basin (Ref. 2915) including the Ghazal and Jebel, White Nile, Blue Nile and Lake Nubia (Ref. 28714). Also in the Comoé (subspecies P. b. comoensis), Chad, Volta (Ref. 2915, 81274), Cross and Niger (Ref. 81274) including the Bénoué (Ref. 2915, 81274).
非洲: 尼羅河流域, 也從 Benoue ，查德與佛塔河.(參考文獻 2915)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 11.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 31256); 最大體重: 40.00 g (Ref. 3799)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 25 - 35; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 31 - 38. Diagnosis: dorsal fin between one half and twice the anal fin length; mouth inferior situated below the eyes (Ref. 28714). Body height > 25% of SL (Ref. 28714), 2.6-3.2 times in SL (Ref. 2915, 81274). Anal fin base 3.1-3.4 times in SL; caudal peduncle height 16.8-18.7 times in SL; eye diameter 3.5-4.5 times in head length; uniform silvery color (Ref. 2915, 81274). Upper jaw with 13-19, lower jaw with 22-29 teeth; subspecies P. b. bane has 29-34 rays in dorsal fin and 31-38 in anal while P. b. comoensis has a lower average number of rays, 25-30 in dorsal and 32-36 in anal fin; scale counts: 40-44 in a longitudinal line and 12 around caudal peduncle; ratio standard length/caudal-peduncle depth in P. b. comoensis: 17.0-18.0 (Ref. 81274).
Coloration: uniform silvery (Ref. 2915, 81274).
體高 2.6-3.2 x SL, 臀鰭基底 3.1-3.4 x SL, 尾柄高度 16.8-18.7 x SL。 眼直徑 3.5-4.5個 x 頭長。 全銀色。
Inhabits open water and vegetated areas of lakes, lagoons and irrigation canals; females grow larger and are more frequently caught than males (Sudan); chiefly insectivorous, feeding on the bottom and in vegetation (Ref. 28714). Affinities: P. ansorgii, differ only by the small eyes, the thick caudal peduncle, numerous teeth on lower jaw and the uniform silvery color (P. ansorgii has a spot on the dorsal fin).
棲息於開放水域與湖，潟湖與灌溉管的有植物生長的區域。 雌性生長大而且更時常超過雄性被捕捉。 主要食蟲, 吃底部與在植物.(參考文獻 28714) 分類相關: P. ansorgii, 不同只有藉由小的眼，厚的尾柄, 很多的牙齒在下頜與均勻的銀色顏色.( P. ansorgii 在背鰭上有一個斑點)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
非洲: 尼羅河流域, 也從 Benoue ，查德與佛塔河.(參考文獻 2915)
Gosse, J.-P., 1984. Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 September 2019
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: ; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00772 - 0.02833), b=2.86 (2.70 - 3.02), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
