Common names from other countries

Flétan de l'Atlantique, Fletán del Atlántico, 大西洋庸鲽, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705). Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 77°W - 55°E

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Northwestern Atlantic: southwestern Greenland and Labrador in Canada to Virginia in USA (Ref. 7251); Northeastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Iceland and eastern Greenland.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 122.0, range 135 - ? cm
Max length : 470 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7251); 300.0 cm TL (female); publicerad maxvikt: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); rapporterad maxålder: 50 år (Ref. 173)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 98 - 110; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 73 - 85. Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705).

Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Medarbetare

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Near Threatened (NT) ; Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: experimentell; sportfisk: ja; Akvarium: Offentliga akvarier

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produktion; fiskeri: produktion; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi
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Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Life cycle
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Fecundities
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Egg(s)
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Anatomy
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Genetics
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 7.9, mean 3.4 (based on 1760 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00398 - 0.00759), b=3.17 (3.08 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (tmax=30; tm=10; K=0.02-0.2; Fec=1,300,000; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).

Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)