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Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)

Rainbow runner
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Elagatis bipinnulata   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Elagatis bipinnulata (Rainbow runner)
Elagatis bipinnulata
Picture by Freitas, R.


Sao Tome and Principe country information

Common names: Alada
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from São Tomé Island based on (1) specimen caught by local fishers and identified by DOP, (2) underwater observation by Peter Wirtz in Lagoa Azul, and (3) specimen caught by local fishers and identified by Jean Worms (Ref. 34088). Also Ref. 34514.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz, 1999
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Naucratinae
Etymology: Elagatis: Greek, elakate, -es = distaff, cane (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Quoy & Gaimard.

Issue
Date and spelling Smith-Vaniz, pers. comm.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 0 - 150 m (Ref. 9710), usually 2 - 10 m (Ref. 40849).   Subtropical; 44°N - 41°S, 180°W - 180°E

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Eastern Atlantic: off Genoa, Italy in the Mediterranean (Ref. 4233) and from Côte d'Ivoire to Angola (Ref. 7097). Throughout the Indo-Pacific (Ref. 37816), but rare or absent in the Persian Gulf (Ref. 3287). Eastern Pacific: mouth of Gulf of California to Ecuador; including the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 9283).

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm 64.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 26340); common length : 90.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5217); peso máximo publicado: 46.2 kg (Ref. 40637); edad máxima reportada: 6 años (Ref. 96992)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 7; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 25 - 30; Espinas anales: 2; Radios blandos anales: 18 - 22; Vértebra: 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: the upper jaw ending distinctly before eye (and to below anterior margin of eye in young); dorsal fin with a detached terminal 2-rayed finlet; anal fin with a slightly detached spine from the rest of fin and covered by skin in fish of larger sizes, then followed by a second spine continuous with the 18-22 soft rays, including a detached 2-rayed finlet. Colour dark olive-blue or green dorsally and on side, white ventrally with 2 narrow light blue or bluish white stripes along sides and a broader olive or yellowish stripe between them; fins olive or yellowish (Ref. 9894,90102).

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Adults are found in oceanic and coastal waters, generally near the surface over reefs or sometimes far from the coast often around floating logs or other debris (Ref. 9283, 11230, 48635, 90102). May form large schools (Ref. 9283, 48635). They feed on invertebrates, mainly on larger crustaceans of the zooplankton, and small fishes (Ref. 9283, 26145). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Good food fish (Ref. 9626) and a valued game fish (Ref. 26938); marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283); also frozen and used for sashimi (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Colaboradores

Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 August 2012

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)




Human uses

Pesquerías: muy comercial; pesca deportiva: si
FAO(pesquerías: producción, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Trophic ecology
componentes alimenticios
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Despredadores
Ecology
Ecología
Home ranges
Life cycle
Reproducción
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Anatomy
Gill areas
Cerebros
Otolitos
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Tipo de natación
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sonidos de peces
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Colaboradores
References
Referencias

Herramientas

Special reports

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Fuentes de Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.8 - 28.8, mean 27.5 (based on 5152 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00584 - 0.01711), b=2.85 (2.70 - 3.00), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (tmax=6; K=0.6 is doubtful).
Prior r = 0.58, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.88, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.