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Merluccius bilinearis (Mitchill, 1814)

Silver hake
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Merluccius bilinearis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Merluccius bilinearis (Silver hake)
Merluccius bilinearis
Picture by Flescher, D.


United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Atlantic hake, Hake, New England hake
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: abundant (always seen in some numbers) | Ref: Frimodt, C., 1995
Importance: commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Present in Middle Atlantic, Southern New England Georges Bank, Gulf of Maine, Scotian Shelf,, and inshore norths of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 58452.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990
National Database:

Common names from other countries

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Mitchill.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي

دريايي نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 55 - 914 m (Ref. 58452).   Temperate; 55°N - 24°N, 80°W - 42°W (Ref. 54581)

پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri

Northwest Atlantic: coast of Canada and USA from Bell Isle Channel to the Bahamas; most common from southern Newfoundland to South Carolina.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

Maturity: Lm 23.2  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 1371); common length : 37.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 1371); common length :65 cm TL (female); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 2.3 kg (Ref. 1371); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 12 سال ها (Ref. 1371)

توصيف مختصر كليدهاي شناسايي | ريخت شناسي | ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري

خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 1; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 47 - 54; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 37 - 41. Head large, about 30% of SL . Pectoral fins long, reaching origin of anal fin. Overall color is silvery, somewhat brownish on back, whitish on belly.

زيست شناسي     واژه نامه (بعنوان مثال epibenthic)

Abundant on sandy grounds and strays into shallower waters. A voracious predator with cannibalistic habits. Individuals over 40 cm TL prey on fishes such as gadoids and herring, while smaller ones feed on crustaceans, i.e. euphausiids and pandalids; food also includes gaspereau, myctophids, smelt, silversides, mackerel, sand lance, butterfish, snakeblennies, longhorn sculpins and squids (Ref. 5951). The smallest specimen feeds mostly on crustaceans (Ref. 58452). Exhibits seasonal onshore-offshore migration (Ref. 9988). Spawning takes place from June-July in the mid-Atlantic region; July-August in the Gulf of Maine and to the north of Georges Bank, and August-September on the Scotian Shelf (Ref. 58452). Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen; fresh fish are exported to European markets; eaten fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)

Spawning appears to be strongly influenced by water temperature, and annual variations occur both in the peak and the range of the spawning period, which may influence considerably the growth of juveniles.

مآخذ اصلی Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  نزديک به تهديد شدن (NT) ; Date assessed: 06 January 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

  Harmless




استفاده انسانی

ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا
FAO(ماهي گيري – شيلات: production, نمايه گونه; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

اطلاعات بيشتر

Anatomy
Gill areas
مغزها
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
صداهاي ماهي ها
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
ژنتيك
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
نمايه هاي آبزي پروري
نژادها
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
همكاران
References
مراجع

ابزارها

گزارش های ويژه

بارگيری XML

منابع اينترنتي

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.9 - 7.8, mean 4.9 (based on 155 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00400 - 0.00573), b=3.11 (3.06 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref. 120179):  متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.18-0.4;tm=2-3; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.26, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.39, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766):   Low.