| Main Ref. | Ng, H.H. and J. Freyhof, 2003 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | sub-terminal/inferior |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Mouth subterminal; anterior and posterior nostrils separated by distance greater than length of nasal-barbel base; emarginate caudal fin; 3-5 serrae on posterior edge of pectoral spine; evenly-sloping ethmoidal region, sides of head gently curving; 1+ 5-6 gill rakers on first branchial arch; conical-shaped tubercles on head and body; lightly contrasting color pattern, and tubercles arranged in prominent longitudinal rows on ventral third of body (Ref. 52824). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | 8 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | 6 - 7 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 32 - 34 |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 5 - 5 |
| Adipose fin | present |
| Attributes | more or less truncate |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 |