| 主要参考文献 | Nielsen, J.G., 1997 |
| 形态描述的性别 | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| 特殊器官 | |
| 不同的外表 | |
| 不同的颜色 | |
| 附注 |
| 显着的特徵 | |
| 侧面体型 (shape guide) | |
| 横切面 | |
| 头部背面描绘 | |
| 眼的类型 | |
| 口/吻尖的类型 | |
| 口的位置 | |
| 天平类型 | |
| 鉴别 |
Snout rather blunt; eye diameter almost as long as snout; opercular spine strong and straight; hind margin of preopercle usually with 3 sharp spines; 2 median and a pair of basibranchial tooth patches; pseudobranchial filaments 2 or 3; 7-15 developed rakers on anterior arch; lower 5-11 pectoral fin rays free and longer than upper ones; precaudal vertebrae 13-16 (Ref. 34024). |
| 鉴定难易度 |
| 侧线 | 打断: No |
| 侧联机的鳞片 | |
| 侧联机鳞片数 | |
| 侧生系列的鳞片 | |
| 侧联机的鳞片列 | |
| 侧线下的鳞片列 | |
| 尾梗周围的鳞片 | |
| 触须 | |
| 鳃裂 (仅限于鲨鱼/ 鱼) | |
| 鳃耙 | |
| 在下肢上 | |
| 上枝鳃耙 | |
| 总数 | 10 - 11 |
| 脊椎骨 | |
| 肛门前 | |
| 总数 | 61 - 61 |
| 属性 | |
| 鳍数 | 1 |
| 离鳍号码 | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| 棘总数 | |
| 软条总数 | 102 - 102 |
| 脂鳍 | absent |
| 属性 | pointed; more or less normal |
| 鳍数 | |
| 棘总数 | |
| 软条总数 | 81 - 81 |
| 胸鳍 | 属性 several lower rays isolated |
| 脊椎 | |
| 软条 22 - 33 | |
| 骨盘的 | 属性 reduced to filaments |
| 位置 jugular before origin of D1 | |
| 脊椎 | |
| 软条 2 - 2 |