| Species | Name Used in Reference |
|---|---|
| Aphyocharax agassizii (Steindachner, 1882) | Aphyocharax agassizii (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax alburnus (Günther, 1869) | Aphyocharax alburnus (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax anisitsi Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 | Aphyocharax anisitsi (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax colifax Taphorn & Thomerson, 1991 | Aphyocharax colifax (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax dentatus Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 | Aphyocharax dentatus (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax erythrurus Eigenmann, 1912 | Aphyocharax erythrurus (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax gracilis Fowler, 1940 | Aphyocharax gracilis (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax nattereri (Steindachner, 1882) | Aphyocharax nattereri (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax nattereri (Steindachner, 1882) | Aphyocharax paraguayensis (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax pusillus Günther, 1868 | Aphyocharax pusillus (p. ) |
| Aphyocharax rathbuni Eigenmann, 1907 | Aphyocharax rathbuni (p. ) |
| Microschemobrycon melanotus (Eigenmann, 1912) | Aphyocharax melanotus (p. ) |