| Species | Name Used in Reference |
|---|---|
| Lepthoplosternum altamazonicum Reis, 1997 | Lepthoplosternum altamazonicum (p. 724-731) |
| Lepthoplosternum beni Reis, 1997 | Lepthoplosternum beni (p. 724-731) |
| Lepthoplosternum pectorale (Boulenger, 1895) | Lepthoplosternum pectorale (p. 724-731) |
| Lepthoplosternum stellatum Reis & Kaefer, 2005 | Lepthoplosternum stellatum (p. 725;fig.2) |
| Lepthoplosternum tordilho Reis, 1997 | Lepthoplosternum tordilho (p. 724-731) |
| Lepthoplosternum ucamara Reis & Kaefer, 2005 | Lepthoplosternum ucamara (p. 728;fig.4) |