Classification / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Leiognathidae (Slimys, slipmouths, or ponyfishes)
Etymology: Karalla: Karalla is the local name for ponyfishes in Sri Lanka and the surrounding region where members of this genus commonly occur.. More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 10 - 40 m (Ref. 47581). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar, Reunion, India, Sri Lanka, through Indonesia and the Philippines.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 47581); common length : 11.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 47581)
Found in coral sand bottoms of coastal waters, but also enters estuaries (Ref. 47581). Feeds on small crustaceans, polychaetes, bivalves, foraminiferans, gastropods and nematodes (Ref. 47581). Forms schools (Ref. 47581). Sold dried salted in markets, and also used for fishmeal (Ref. 3424).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Woodland, D.J., S. Premcharoen and A.S. Cabanban, 2001. Leiognathidae. Slipmouths (ponyfishes). p. 2792-2823. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 47581)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 123251)
CITES (Ref. 118484)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 25.3 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 836 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00754 - 0.02645), b=2.96 (2.80 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100) .