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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cyclopsettidae (Sand whiffs)
Etymology: Citharichthys: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 2 - 201 m (Ref. 9330). Subtropical; 37°N - 8°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Costa Rica.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9330)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 79 - 89; Anal soft rays: 61 - 69; Vertebrae: 36 - 38.

Inhabits sandy or sandy-muddy bottom (Ref. 9750). Utilized fresh.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 November 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Anatomy
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 11.5 - 26, mean 18.7 °C (based on 38 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00325 - 0.01693), b=3.15 (2.97 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Citharichthys xanthostigma Gilbert, 1890