Family Hexanchidae - Cow sharks | ||||
Order | : | Hexanchiformes | ||
Class | : | Elasmobranchii | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 3 | Species : 5 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : Yes | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | upper Jurassic | Ref. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark | : | Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Most species are deepwater inhabitants of the outer continental shelves and upper continental slopes down to at least 1875 m depth. Gill openings 6 in Hexanchus, 7 in Heptranchias and Notorynchus. Margin of first gill discontinuous across throat. Mouth subterminal with large, bladelike, comb-shaped teeth in lower jaw. One dorsal fin. Caudal fin with strong subterminal notch. Cow sharks are ovoviviparous and lack a yolk-sac placenta. They feed on relatively large marine organisms, including other sharks, rays, bony fish, crustacean and carrion. Species range in size from 140 to 480 cm. hexa- (gr.) = six | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, exa = six + Greek, agchone = to strangle ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | bearers | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 | ||
Coordinator | : | Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 | ||
Deep Fin Classification | : |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) | accepted | senior | new |
Squalus griseus Bonnaterre, 1788 | synonym | senior | original |
Monopterinus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) | synonym | senior | new |
Notidanus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) | synonym | senior | new |
Squalus vacca Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Notidanus monge Risso, 1827 | synonym | junior | original |
Hexanchus corinus Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 | synonym | junior | original |
! Hexanchus corinum Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 | synonym | junior | original |
Notidanus vulgaris Pérez Canto, 1886 | synonym | junior | original |
Hexanchus griseus australis de Buen, 1960 | synonym | junior | original |
Hexanchus nakamurai Teng, 1962 | accepted | senior | change in rank |
Hexanchus griseus nakamurai Teng, 1962 | synonym | senior | original |
Hexanchus griseus (non Bonnaterre, 1788) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Notidanus griseus (non Bonnaterre, 1788) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Hexanchus vitulus (non Springer & Waller, 1969) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Hexanchus vitulus Springer & Waller, 1969 | accepted | senior | original |
Hexanchus nakamurai (non Teng, 1962) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) | accepted | senior | new |
Squalus perlo Bonnaterre, 1788 | synonym | senior | original |
! Heptranchus perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) | synonym | senior | new |
Squalus cinereus Gmelin, 1789 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias cinereus (Gmelin, 1789) | synonym | junior | new |
Notidanus cinereus (Gmelin, 1789) | synonym | junior | new |
! Heptrancus angio Costa, 1857 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias angio Costa, 1857 | synonym | junior | original |
Notidanus cinereus aetatis Bellotti, 1878 | ambiguous | other | original |
Notidanus cinereus pristiurus Bellotti, 1878 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias deani Jordan & Starks, 1901 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias dakini Whitley, 1931 | synonym | junior | original |
Notorynchus cepedianus (Péron, 1807) | accepted | senior | new |
Squalus cepedianus Péron, 1807 | synonym | senior | original |
Heptranchias cepedianus (Péron, 1807) | synonym | senior | new |
! Notorhynchus cepedianus (Péron, 1807) | synonym | senior | new |
Squalus platycephalus Tenore, 1809 | synonym | junior | original |
Notorynchus platycephalus (Tenore, 1809) | synonym | junior | new |
! Notorhynchus platycephalus (Tenore, 1809) | synonym | junior | new |
Notidanus indicus Agassiz, 1838 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptanchus indicus (Agassiz, 1838) | synonym | junior | new |
Notorynchus indicus (Agassiz, 1838) | synonym | junior | new |
Notorynchus maculatus Ayres, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
! Notorhynchus maculatus Ayres, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
! Notorynchus maculatum Ayres, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
Notorhynchus borealis Gill, 1864 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias pectorosus Garman, 1884 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptanchus pectorosus (Garman, 1884) | synonym | junior | new |
Notorynchus pectorosus (Garman, 1884) | synonym | junior | new |
! Heptrachias pectorosus Garman, 1884 | synonym | junior | original |
Notidanus ferox Pérez Canto, 1886 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias haswelli Ogilby, 1897 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Notidanus medinae Philippi, 1902 | synonym | junior | original |
Notidanus wolniczkyi Philippi, 1902 | synonym | junior | original |
Heptranchias spilotus Lahille, 1913 | synonym | junior | original |
Notorhynchus ocellatus Devincenzi, 1920 | synonym | junior | original |
Notorynchus macdonaldi Whitley, 1931 | synonym | junior | original |