Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 100 m (Ref. 33839). Subtropical
Eastern Indian Ocean and Southwest Pacific: south coast of Australia; New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9563)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Raios dorsais moles (total) : 56 - 69; Raios anais moles: 40 - 50. Body deep (47-60% SL). Snout slightly extended into fleshy process projecting more or less in front of oblique mouth. Scales very small, rather firmly attached; cycloid on both sides, covering head except well anteriorly. Caudal fin rays 14 -17 (Ref. 33839).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Common on silty sand substrates from estuaries and inshore waters down to 100 m depth. Juveniles occasionally entering rivers.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993. Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: experimental
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.9 - 18.3, mean 16.6 °C (based on 248 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.00790 - 0.04194), b=2.97 (2.76 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.2; tmax=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 107 [44, 243] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.50, 2.26] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.104, 0.434] g/100g; Selenium = 38.1 [17.5, 93.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.74 [0.87, 17.31] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.467, 1.155] mg/100g (wet weight);
