Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Υφάλμυρο pelagic-neritic. Tropical
Indian Ocean: Red Sea to Bombay, India. Mediterranean Sea: reported from the eastern basins from several country (Ref. 57855), in need of confirmation in some cases. Western Pacific Reported from Japan and the coast of China (Ref. 559), but other occurrences need confirmation.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.4 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 108876); common length : 15.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 30573); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 145.10 g (Ref. 108876)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 5; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 8 - 9; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 9.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occur mainly in marine coastal waters. Also found in inlet waters and estuaries of rivers (Ref. 559). Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Thomson, J.M., 1984. Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2830)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Αναφ.
123201): 19.4 - 29.2, mean 26.1 °C (based on 388 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Αναφ.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00671 - 0.01634), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Αναφ.
69278): 2.5 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 2.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Αναφ.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (K=0.52;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 304 [119, 712] mg/100g; Iron = 1.83 [0.81, 3.76] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.382 [0.181, 0.840] g/100g; Selenium = 33.3 [14.9, 78.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.5 [6.9, 92.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.56 [1.69, 3.92] mg/100g (wet weight);
