Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 25 - 80 m (Ref. 130215). Temperate; 58°N - 48°N, 11°W - 9°E
Northeast Atlantic: all coasts of the British Isles and English Channel to northern Biscay.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4674)
Dark spot on each side of the snout absent (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits inshore and offshore, although only juveniles appear to occur close inshore. Feeds initially on zooplankton, but for lengths greater than 10 to 15 cm small fish, such as clupeids and ammodytids dominate the diet (Ref. 4674). Spawns in winter and has a more southern distribution (Ref. 35388).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Reay, P.J., 1986. Ammodytidae. p. 945-950. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4674)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
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