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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros:Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335); circummontanus:Name 'circummontanus' from the Latin words 'circum' and 'montanus', meaning 'around' and 'of mountains', in reference to the distribution of the species around the Serra da Mantiqueira and Serra do Mar mountain ranges.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Maturity: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 4.3 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 137470)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsalsoft rays (total): 7 - 9; Analsoft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 31 - 32. This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: tip of the female urogenital papilla oriented caudally; presence of hook in the gonopodial appendix; convexity of the dorsal profile between the tip of the snout and the origin of the dorsal fin in both males and females; dark pigmented lateral spot located modally in the 16th scale; presence of seven or eight dorsal-fin rays, very rarely nine; posterior rounded flap on the gonopodial appendix in small (15.4-21.2 mm SL) specimens; flattened hood-like projection of skin located between the anus and the urogenital papilla of most females; absence of symmetrical hood or hood (Ref. 137470). Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
This species inhabits still water and fast-flowing hill-side streams, with clear, black or turbid water, and a substrate composed of mud, sand and gravel bottoms (Ref. 137470).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Souto-Santos, I.C.A, E. Mejia, D. Arcila and P.A. Buckup, 2025. Dismantling the Phalloceros harpagos species complex (Teleostei: Poeciliidae): description of a new species from Brazilian highlands based on morphological and molecular evidence. Neotropical Ichthyology 23(1):e240129. (Ref. 137470)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
