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Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Anacanthobatidae (Smooth skates)
Etymology: Indobatis: Name refers to the distribution of the genus in the western Indian Ocean (Greek 'Indos' for India, 'batis' for skate or ray)..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در اعماق زیر 200 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 1000 - 1725 m (Ref. 5578). Deep-water; 15°S - 30°S
Western Indian Ocean: off off Mozambique and Madagascar.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 42.9 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 95335)
This medium sized species grows to about 42.9 cm TL and has the following set of diagnostic characters: disc 0.9-1.1 times as wide as long and with rounded outer corners, it is extremely depressed pear-shaped to broadly inverse heart-shaped (in adult male); snout angle 85-106° and larger in juveniles; snout terminally expanded as a rostral lobe that is 9-12% of preorbital snout length; further juveniles with a short, thin rostral filament; narrow interorbital distance, 2-3% of TL; inner margin of posterior pelvic lobe fused along its entire length to root of tail; length of tail from mid-vent about equal to body length from tip of rostral lobe to mid-vent in adults, but 1.5 times body length in juveniles; surface of upper and lower disc and tail entirely naked except for 2 longitudinal rows of alar thorns in adult male; the tail with 2 lateral rows of fleshy, tubular papillae; colour of upper and lower surfaces dark grayish-brown, but ventral surface somewhat darker; upper jaw with 18=26 tooth rows; monospondylous vertebral centra 25-29; scapulocoracoid subrectangular, the rear corner sharply marked; large oval anterior fenestra no anterior bridge, one very large oval postdorsal and 5 minute to small postventral fenestrae; pelvic girdle with massive ischiopubic bar with straight to weakly concave anterior and deeply concave posterior contour; prepelvic processes are very long and inclined outwards, their length from axis of pelvic girdle maximal width 3.9-5.3 times median thickness of ischiopubic bar (Ref. 95335).
Found on the slope (Ref. 5578). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsule measures 36.0 mm long and 19.0 mm wide (Ref. 41249). Taken only by deep-trawling research vessels (Ref. 5578).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 126983)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: از بی علاقه گی
اطلاعات بيشتر
مراجعآبزي پرورينمايه آبزي پرورينژادهاژنتيكتواتر آلل هاوارثبيماري هافرآوریNutrientsMass conversion
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.9 - 5.6, mean 4.7 °C (based on 16 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
