分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 ? - 80 m (Ref. 55763), usually 30 - ? m (Ref. 89707). 熱帶; 32°N - 3°S, 115°W - 80°W (Ref. 5222)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands.
東太平洋: 加州灣到厄瓜多與加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89707); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: body depth 2.7-2.9 in SL; head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; rounded preopercle, finely serrate; posterior and anterior nostril subequal; third dorsal spine, longest, membranes incised between anterior spines; pectoral fins longer than pelvic fins, pectoral fin length 1.5-1.7 in head length; caudal fin rounded; lateral body scales strongly ctenoid; lateral line scales 48-49; lateral scale series 80-83 (Ref. 089707)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found in coral reefs; also along rocky shores (Ref. 5222). A shy and secretive species (Ref. 5222). Feeds on fishes and crustaceans; reaches at least 25 years; recently confirmed as a protogynous hermaphrodite, spawning peaks in July and August in the Gulf of California (Ref. 089707).
發現於珊瑚礁了; 也沿著岩岸。 (參考文獻 5222) 一個害羞與躲躲藏藏的種.(參考文獻 5222)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東太平洋: 加州灣到厄瓜多與加拉巴哥群島。
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 December 2016
人類使用
游釣魚種: 是的
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 17.9 - 26, mean 23.4 °C (based on 14 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00877 - 0.02613), b=3.07 (2.93 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.1 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4; k=0.19).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.7 [25.8, 74.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.523 [0.299, 0.967] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.6, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.108, 0.262] g/100g; Selenium = 36.7 [20.7, 60.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 186 [65, 595] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.803 [0.578, 1.278] mg/100g (wet weight);
