FB-12535 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12535 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Acanthuriformes Chaetodontidae Chaetodon Chaetodon nigropunctatus Sauvage, 1880 Cunningfish Saint Helena butterflyfish St. Helena butterflyfish Poisson-papillon de Sainte-Hélène 圣赫拿蝴蝶鱼 聖赫拿蝴蝶魚 Chaetodon sanctae helenae Günther, 1868 Chaetodon sanctae helenae uniformis Ahl, 1923 Chaetodon sanctaehelena Günther, 1868 Chaetodon sanctaehelenae uniformis Ahl, 1923 1994-09-16 2006-03-07 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Burgess, W.E.0 Butterflyfishes of the world. A monograph of the Family Chaetodontidae. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 4855) Edwards, A.0 Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288) Maugé, L.A.0 Chaetodontidae. p. 837-840. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6943) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. (Ref. 35509) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer. (Ref. 50675) Brito, A., P.J. Pascual, J.M. Falcón, A. Sancho and G. González0 Peces de las Islas Canarias. Catalogo comentado e ilustrado. Francisco Lemus, La Laguna (Santa Cruz de Tenerife), 419 p. (Ref. 52678) Whiteman, E.A. and I.M. Côté0 Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev. 79:351-375. (Ref. 52884) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Lubbock, R.0 The shore fishes of Ascension Island. J. Fish Biol. 17(3):283-303. (Ref. 86997) Wirtz, P., J. Bingeman, J. Bingeman, R. Fricke, T.J. Hook and J. Young0 The fishes of Ascension Island, central Atlantic Ocean: new records and an annotated checklist. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 97(4):783-798. (Ref. 98447) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) WoRMS Editorial Board0 World Register of Marine Species. [2008-onwards] World Wide Web publication. Available from http://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. (Ref. 116434) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Adults are common in shallow waters. Usually observed in pairs or large groups. Oviparous (Ref. 205), monogamous (Ref. 52884). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205). Called a cunning fish since it can nibble the bait from a hook without taking the hook into its mouth. The juvenile Thalassoma sanctaehelenae has been observed cleaning the cunningfish of its parasites (Ref. 5288). Maugé, L.A. 1990 Chaetodontidae. p. 837-840. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6943) FB-Morphology-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 1994-09-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21 - 23; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 19 Burgess, W.E. 1978 Butterflyfishes of the world. A monograph of the Family Chaetodontidae. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 4855) FB-Distribution-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2020-12-31 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Southeast Atlantic: Known only from the Ascension and St. Helena Islands (Ref. 4855). Recorded from Canary Is. from 2 individuals most likely introduced (Ref. 52678). Burgess, W.E. 1978 Butterflyfishes of the world. A monograph of the Family Chaetodontidae. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 4855) FB-Uses-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p. FB-LifeCycle-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12536&StockCode=12867 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and social (Ref. 52884). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription 18.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2272)) Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's Atlas der Meerwasser Aquarium Fische. Bede Verlag, Kollnburg, Germany. FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-12536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-09-16 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12536 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; non-migratory (Ref. 52884); marine; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 86997), usually 0 - 15 m (Ref. 5288) Whiteman, E.A. and I.M. Côté 2004 Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev. 79:351-375. (Ref. 52884) Lubbock, R. 1980 The shore fishes of Ascension Island. J. Fish Biol. 17(3):283-303. (Ref. 86997) Edwards, A. 1990 Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)