FB-1373 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1373 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei Ammodytidae Hyperoplus Hyperoplus immaculatus (Corbin, 1950) Kveite Halibut bialy Alabote Alabote-do-Atlântico Atlantisk helleflynder Helleflynder Heilbutt Atlantic halibut Halibut Harilik hiidlest Paltus Flundra Geiraspjað Geiraspjørr Grábein Hveita Kalvaspjað Kalvi Klovningur Kølva Legukølva Spjað Spjaldur Spragga Sprøka Stybbingur Stývingur Ruijanpallas Flétan Flétan atlantique Flétan de l'Atlantique לשונון (הליבוט) Heilagfiski Lúða Halibut Ohyô Atlanticheskiy paltus Paltus Палтус белокорый обыкновенный Koniski jezik Baldin Birdie Blacksmith Chicken ´But Da fish Helliflounder Laager Hälleflundra Helgeflundra Палтус атлантичний Палтус білокорий Fletan Fletán del Atlántico Halibut Hipogloso An haileabó Bradan-leathann Halibut Heilbot Hippóglossa Nataarnaq Navadni jezik 大西洋庸鲽 庸鰈 庸鲽 Hippoglossus americanus Gill, 1864 Hippoglossus gigas Swainson, 1839 Hippoglossus linnei Malm, 1877 Hippoglossus maximus Gottsche, 1835 Hippoglossus vulgaris Fleming, 1828 Pleuronectes hippoglossus Linnaeus, 1758 1990-10-17 2023-12-05 Russell, F.S.0 The eggs and planktonic stages of British marine fishes. 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Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Liu, C., C. Bank, M. Kersula, G.W. Cowles, D.R. Zemeckis, S.X. Cadrin and C. McGuire0 Movements of Atlantic halibut in the Gulf of Maine based on geolocation. ICES Journal of Marine Science 76(7):2020-2032. (Ref. 129742) Simian, G., D. Abraham, N. Bailly, P. Béarez, F. Urtizberea, A. Perrot, H. Goraguer, R. Langlois, P. Daszkiewicz, F. Teletchea, S. Tercerie and G. Denys0 Checklist of fishes from the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. Cybium 46(4):371-384. (Ref. 132183) FB-pic-1371-10467 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hihip_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Hihip_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Adults are benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feed mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Growth rate varies according to density, competition and availability of food. Slow growth rate and late onset of sexual maturity, halibut populations can be seriously affected by overfishing (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 58426. Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe 2018 Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-29 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 Uniformly dark brown or black; young marbled or spotted with paler marks (Ref. 4705). Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4705) FB-Morphology-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-29 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 98 - 110; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 73 - 85 Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4705) FB-Distribution-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-09-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Atlantic Ocean and adjacent Arctic. Mecklenburg, K.C., P.R. Møller and D. Steinke 2011 Biodiversity of the Arctic marine fishes: taxonomy and zoogeography. Marine Biodiversity 41(1):109-140. (Ref. 86838) FB-Uses-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-Migration-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1371&StockCode=1389 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Males reach sexual maturity at 7-8 years and females at 10-11 years. Spawning happens from December to April, near the bottom (300 to 700 m), at temperatures between 5 and 7°. Egg size 3.0-3.8, larval size at hatching 6.5 mm (Ref. 4705). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1996-11-28 00:00:00 2007-08-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public hippoglossus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Benthic but occasionally pelagic (Ref. 4705). Feeds mainly on other fishes (cod, haddock, pogge, sand-eels, herring, capelin), but also takes cephalopods, large crustaceans and other bottom-living animals (Ref. 9988). Parasites of the species include monogeneans, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans and copepods (Ref. 5951). Sparholt, H. 1990 An estimate of the total biomass of fish in the North Sea. J. Cons. 46:200-210. (Ref. 12224) FB-Size-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 470 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)); 300 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 320.0 kg (Ref. 7251); max. reported age: 50 years (Ref. 173) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1974 Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-05-20 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1371 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 50 - 2000 m (Ref. 4705) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4705)