FB-1859 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1859 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Lethrinidae Lethrinus Lethrinus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1830 Mlangmud Letra niebieska Shaari Shari suli Dugso Dugso' Katambak Kilawan Kiros Lililug Liliok Tyklæbet kejserbrasen Emperor Green snapper Island snapper Lipper Longface emperor Long-nose emperor Longnosed emperor Long-nosed emperor Longnosed snapper Nannygai North-west snapper Red-throat Redthroat emperor Red-throat emperor Red-throated emperor Starry pigface bream Sweetlip Sweetlip emperor Sweetlips emperor Tricky snapper Trout Trumpet emperor Trumpeter Yellow-mouthed perch Yellow-mouthed snapper Laiguline seanina Bec-de-cane Capitaine gueule longue Gueule rouge Amami-fuefuki Kitsune-fuefuki Jalia Mameni Roñet Chemballi Kadu Puimetti കടു ചെന്പല്ലി  ചെന്വല്ലി പുഇമിട്ടി  പുയ്മെട്ടി Asuan Asuh-asuh Dalu-dalu Gertah Kercing Ketambak Landok Landok sisik hitam Mempinang Pelandok Senoncing Miraamir Aaravi 'O'eo 'uturoa O'eo 'uturoa Koranguvelu Valamin குரஙகுவெலா   கொருங்குவிலா வாளமீன்   வெளமீன் Karwa కరవ   Bitilya Bukawin dugso Dugso Cá Hè mõm dài Anuping Asuan Babarat Bagangan Bakoko Benin Bening Bidhi Bruchum padee Caan Diru Diruk Esa-esa Gambayan Gan pwiya Gutugutuka Gutula Gutura Hatamela Jii Jijing Jüü Ketamba Kirawan Lauso Mangā Meko Metiil Ngutu kau Nutuala Onuhi Popontu lausu Sapingan Suru Suru kero Suru matakwa Suru Mera Suru Panoro Suru Tapu'u Suru-agalo Thundigufilolu Uleu aisuak U-lul 奄美裸頰鯛 奄美裸颊鲷 尖嘴連尖 炮彈 長吻裸頰鯛 长吻裸颊鲷 黃口裸頰鯛 黄口裸颊鲷 Lethrinella miniata (Forster, 1801) Lethrinella miniatus (Forster, 1801) Lethrinus amamianus Akazaki, 1962 Lethrinus chrysostomus Richardson, 1848 Lethrinus imperialis De Vis, 1884 Sparus miniatus Forster, 1801 1990-11-10 2013-04-16 Coppola, S.R., W. 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Lasi, K. Pakoa, L. Vigliola, K. Friedman, F. Magron and S. Pinca0 Wallis and Futuna Country Report: Profiles and results from survey work at Vailala, Halalo, Leava and Vele. Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Pacific Regional Oceanic and Coastal Fisheries Development Programme (PROCFish/C/CoFish). Aug-Dec 2005 and Mar 2006. (Ref. 84356) Taumaia, P. and P. Cusack0 Report on second visit to Wallis and Futuna, 4 Nov 1983 to 22 Mar 1984. Unpublished Report No. 15. South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia. (Ref. 84368) Kuiter, R.H. and H. Debelius0 World atlas of marine fishes. IKAN-Unterwasserarchiv, Frankfurt, 720 pp. (Ref. 84750) Try, I.0 Field guide to the marine living resources in Cambodia. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Fisheries Administration, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. (Ref. 85282) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942) Ono, R. and D.J. Addison0 Ethnoecology and Tokelauan fishing lore from Atafu Atoll, Tokelau. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin 26: 3-22. (Ref. 87813) May, D.0 Folk taxonomy of reef fish and the value of participatory monitoring in Wakatobi National Park, southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin 18: 18-35. (Ref. 87848) Waite, E.R.0 A list of the known fishes of Kermadec and Norfolk Islands, and a comparison with those of Lord Howe Island. Trans. N.Z. Inst. 42:370-383. (Ref. 89275) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. 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A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Palla, H.P., H.B. Pagliawan, E.F. Rodriguez, B.S.M.G.T. Cacho, B.J. Gonzales, C. Bonnell and T. Fowler0 Length-weight relationship of marine fishes from Palawan, Philippines. The Palawan Scientist 10:17-28. (Ref. 118794) Smallwood, C.B., A. Tate and K.L. Ryan0 Weight-length summaries for Western Australian fish species derived from surveys of recreational fishers at boat ramps. Fisheries Research Report No. 278, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia. 151pp. (Ref. 119023) Ângelo, G.C.0 Timor-Leste: From the Sea to the Mountains / Do Mar às Montanhas. Printer Trento, italy,440 pp. (Ref. 119170) Songco, A.0 Personal communication. Tubbataha species list. Excel file "MyReport_Species_21May2019". (Ref. 121724) University of Western Australia0 Benthic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 122752) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Tilley, A.0 Timor-Leste common names. Personal communication [accessed 15/08/2022]. (Ref. 127010) Kasim, H. and B.J. Muuse0 Compilation of names for demersal and pelagic fishes of Somalia. Personal communication [Accessed 11/08/2022]. (Ref. 127014) Currey, L.M., M.R. Heupel, C.A. Simpfendorfer and A.J. Williams0 Sedentary or mobile? Variability in space and depth use of an exploited coral reef fish. Marine Biology 161(9):2155-2166. (Ref. 130011) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Tilley, Alex0 Common names of marine species in Malaita Province, Solomon Islands Personal communication [accessed 07/06/2023]. (Ref. 132371) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Matley, J.K., L. Meyer, C.N. Roberts, T.M. Clarke, M. Scott, A. Barnett and C. Huveneers0 Resource use of dusky and Galapagos sharks in response to fishing activities at a remote Pacific Island. Sci. Rep. 15(1):31743. (Ref. 137852) FB-pic-1858-958 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-04-15 2000-07-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats market Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u1.jpg Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. FB-pic-1858-1053 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-04-15 2000-07-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fish market Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u6.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u6.jpg Locality: Naha, Okinawa, Ryukyu Is.. FB-pic-1858-1054 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-04-15 2010-09-16 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u7.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u7.jpg FB-pic-1858-2411 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-11 2013-06-03 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 2 lb. Locality: Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u0.jpg Locality: Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. FB-pic-1858-4560 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg FAO 1995-06-05 2005-06-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u3.jpg FB-pic-1858-4562 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg FAO 1995-06-05 2005-06-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u4.jpg FB-pic-1858-4563 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg FAO 1995-06-05 2005-06-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u5.jpg FB-pic-1858-9256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-28 2024-08-05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Lemin_u2.jpg FB-pic-1858-10470 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Lemin_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Lemin_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Adults inhabit coral reefs during daytime where they feed occasionally in sand and rubble areas between coral heads. At night, they move out over the sandy sea floor and forage actively. Usually occur in small schools. Juveniles live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202). Feed mainly on crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks and fish, with crabs and sea urchins predominating. Much of the information reported for this species was based on misidentifications and referred to L. olivaceous (see Ref. 2295). Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 9987). Caught primarily by handline. One of the favourite food and sport fishes around the Great Barrier Reef. A major food fish in New Caledonia. Occasionally implicated in cases of fish poisoning (ciguatoxin) (Ref. 68703). Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-05-06 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep, its depth 2.4-2.8 times in standard length; head length 0.9-1 times in body depth, 2.5-2.9 times in SL, dorsal profile near eye slightly convex; snout moderately long, its length about 1.7-2.4 times in HL, measured without the lip the snout is 0.9-1 times in cheek height, its dorsal profile slightly concave, snout angle relative to upper jaw between 50° and 65°; interorbital space convex to flat; posterior nostril an oblong longitudinal opening, closer to orbit than anterior nostril; eye situated close to dorsal profile, its length 3.4-5.4 times in HL; cheek moderately high, its height 2.0-2.9 times in HL; lateral teeth in jaws conical; outer surface of maxilla smooth or with a longitudinal ridge; D X,9 with the 3rd dorsal-fin spine usually longest, its length 2.3-2.9 times in body depth; A III,8 with the 1st or 2nd soft ray usually the longest, its length almost equal to or slightly longer than length of base of soft-rayed portion of anal fin and 1.3-1.4 times in length of entire anal-fin base; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin membranes between rays closest to body usually with dense melanophores; no scales on cheek; 46-48 lateral-line scales; 4½ scale rows between lateral line and base of middle dorsal-fin spines; 15 to 17 scale rows in transverse series between origin of anal fin and lateral line; usually 15 rows in lower series of scales around caudal peduncle; 2-7 scales in supratemporal patch; inner surface of pectoral fins partially or densely covered with scales; posterior angle of operculum fully scaly. Colour of body silvery, tan, or yellowish, base of scales often black, often a series of 8-9 dark bars (may be absent in some individuals); base of pectoral fins red; sometimes a red streak originating on upper operculum, passing beneath eye and onto snout; 2 red spots often on upper rim of eye; lips reddish; fins pale or reddish, sometimes brilliant red on membranes near base of pelvic fins, and between spinous rays of dorsal and anal fin (Ref 68703). Carpenter, K.E. 2001 Lethrinidae. p. 3004-3050. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 114226) FB-Morphology-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-05-06 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Carpenter, K.E. 2001 Lethrinidae. p. 3004-3050. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 114226) FB-Distribution-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2025-09-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 Western Pacific: The Ryukyu Islands, eastern Philippines, northern Australia, and NewCaledonia (Ref. 114226). Occurrence records outside distributional range probably refer to Lethrinus olivaceus (Ref. 2295). Carpenter, K.E. 2001 Lethrinidae. p. 3004-3050. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 114226) FB-Uses-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-LifeCycle-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1858&StockCode=2054 L. miniatus are serial hermaphrodites with a protogynous strategy (i.e, female first, male second). Sexual bimodality was present in both age and length frequency distributions (Brown et al 1994).Juveniles live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202). Also Ref. 103751. Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve 1993 Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390) FB-TrophicStrategy-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-06-25 00:00:00 2018-04-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public miniatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Found in coral reefs during the day where they feed occasionally in sand and rubble areas between coral heads. Usually form small schools (Ref. 2295). Selective feeders (Ref. 6059).In Australia, juveniles 2-3 cm long have been collected from shallow, shoreline seagrass beds near Townsville in November. They appear to live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, the fish moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202).On the Great Barrier Reef, L. miniatus are frequent inhabitants of midshelf reefs to greater than 15 m, and shoals in inter-reef areas and frequently found on the outershelf and deep reef areas, 15-100 m. They can be found to 128 m on the Great Barrier Reef (Newman & Williams 1996). Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295) FB-Size-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 90.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2295)); max. published weight: 9,600 g (Ref. 9987); max. reported age: 22 years (Ref. 2290) Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) Loubens, G. 1980 Biologie de quelques espèces de poissons du lagon Néo-Calédonien. III. Croissance. Cah. Indo-Pac. 2:101-153. (Ref. 2290) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-01-29 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1858 reef-associated; non-migratory; brackish; marine; depth range 5 - 30 m (Ref. 2295) Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)