FB-2060 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae Dasyatis Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Pilrokke Pilskate Ogoncza pastynak Manteiga Ratão Rato Rato do mar Ratona Uge Uja Uje Uji Urze Usga Urcha Urja Blou pylstert Bishtmini Bishtmiu Shkotërr Shkotërra Trigoni Baqara Wat'wyt'a Bugrah bahar ﺮﺤﺑ ﺓﺮﻘﺑ شَعْنِين بحري شائع Ciocciu Ferazza Morgath ddu Europæisk pigrokke Pigrokke Pilrokke Gemeiner Stechrochen Gewöhnlicher Stechrochen Peitschenrochen Pfeilschwanz Stechroche Stechrochen Blue stingray Common stingray Sting ray Stingray Harilik astelrai Keihäsrausku Bastanago Bougnette Coucou Fouleux Pastenago Pastenague Pastenague commune Pastenargo Raie pastenague Tare ronde Terre Tonare Vastanaga Golub Žutuga Zutulja Baracola Bucchio Brucco Bugghiu Bugghiu jancu Chiamica Ciuccia Ciuccio Ciucciu Ciuccua gianca Colombo grande Dragone Ferasso Ferraccia Ferrazza Ferrazzu Ferrun Ghiamita Matan Matana Mocene Muchie janche Muchio Muchio janco Mucosa Mugghio Mugghiu Muggiu Pastenaca Pastinaca Pastinaca comune Protene Ranina Tomazzo Traona Travona Trigone Trigono Urchie Vugghiu jancu Thirukay തിരുക തിരുകൈ  Boll Boll komuni Bonn Hamiema Hamiema tas-sikkina Sorc Morskoj kot Кот морской (=хвостокол) Siba zutulja Volina Spjutrocka Stingrocka Denizkedisi balığı Dikenli vatoz İğneli vatoz Ignelivatoz Rina Rina balığı Morskii kit Морський кіт Скат-хвостокол Хвостокол звичайний Bantenaga Chucho Escorsana Escursana Escurso Ferrasa Pastinaca Pastinaga Pombo Raya látigo común Rayalátigo común Rayavaca Romaguera Serreta Totina Vela latina Escunçana Escurçana Morski bič Pijlstaartrog Pisică de mare Rocan gha nimhe Sálahi trygéna Trigóna Vatotrygona Αγριόψαρο Βατοτρυγόνα Μούντριζα Μούτροβα Μούτρουβα Παπλωματάς Σφυράτσα Τρυγόνα 光魟 篮纹鱼缸 蓝纹魟 藍紋魟 Dasyatis pastinacus (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasyatis pestinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasyatis ujo Rafinesque, 1810 Dasybatus pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Pastinaca laevis Gronow, 1854 Pastinaca olivacea Swainson, 1839 Raja pastinaca Linnaeus, 1758 Trygon pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Trygon vulgaris Risso, 1827 Trygon vulgaris pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) 1991-01-18 2024-08-16 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 A coastal species, which enters coastal lagoons, shallow bays and estuaries (Ref. 81259). Found over sandy and muddy bottoms, sometimes near rocky reefs (Ref. 12951). Feeds on bottom fishes, crustaceans and mollusks. Ovoviviparous, gestation period about 4 months and 4-7 young are produced. Wings marketed smoked, dried-salted, and also used for fishmeal and oil. Harmful to shellfish banks; dangerous to bathers and fishers due to its poisonous spine. Barbed poison spine is a modified denticle that can be 35cm long, shed occasionally and replaced (Ref. 35388). Maximum reported width about 150 cm (Ref. 81259). Bauchot, M.-L. 1987 Raies et autres batoides. p. 845-886. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identificationpour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Mèditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3261) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2014-11-20 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Description: A large stingray; disc rhombic, its anterior margins forming an obtuse angle (Ref. 81259). Dorsal surface naked, except for a more or less well developed mid-dorsal row of thorny tubercles extending from nape to sting-base (Ref. 81259). Tail long and whiplike, slightly rough behind the sting, with a long dorsal ridge extending backwards from the sting, and a long, but low, ventral fold (Ref. 81259).Colouration: Back greyish-green to greenish-brown; belly whitish, pectoral margins dark (Ref. 81259). Séret, B. 2003 Dasyatidae. p. 81-96. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Collection Faune et Flore Tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81259) FB-Distribution-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2025-09-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat East Atlantic and the Mediterranean and Black Sea, from the North Sea to Angola. Jabado, R.W., E. Chartrain, G. De Bruyne, D. Derrick, M. Dia, M. Diop, P. Doherty, G.H.L. Leurs, K. Metcalfe, N. Pacoureau, J.D. Pires, S. Ratão, I. Seidu, F. Serena, A.-L. Soares, A. Tamo, W.J. VanderWright and A.B. Williams 2021 <i>Dasyatis pastinaca</i>. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T161453A124488102. Accessed on 17 November 2022. (Ref. 127912) FB-Uses-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Muus, B. and P. Dahlström 1978 Meeresfische der Ostsee, der Nordsee, des Atlantiks. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 244 p. (Ref. 4645) van der Elst, R. 1993 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. (3rd Ed.). Struik Publishers, Cape Town. 398 p. (Ref. 12484) Nigrelli, R.F. 1959 Longevity of fishes in captivity, with special reference to those kept in the New York Aquarium. p. 212-230. In G.E.W. Wolstehnolmen and M. O'Connor (eds.) Ciba Foundation Colloquium on Ageing: the life span of animals. Vol. 5., Churchill, London. (Ref. 273) FB-LifeCycle-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2060&StockCode=2255 Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-10-26 00:00:00 2014-11-20 21:02:12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ pastinaca A coastal species, which enters coastal lagoons, shallow bays and estuaries (Ref. 81259). Found over sandy and muddy bottoms, sometimes in estuaries and near rocky reefs. Feeds on bottom-living invertebrates and fishes. Ovoviviparous, gestation period about 4 months and 4-7 young are produced. Bauchot, M.-L. 1987 Raies et autres batoides. p. 845-886. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identificationpour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Mèditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3261) FB-Size-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 69.5 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 123699)); max. published weight: 14.6 kg (Ref. 86713) Capapé, C., F. Hemida, J.-P. Quignard, M.M.B. Amor and C. Reynaud 2008 Biological observations on a rare deep-sea shark, <i>Dalatias licha</i> (Chondrichthyes: Dalatiidae), off the Maghreb coast south-western Mediterranean). Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences 3(3):355-360. (Ref. 123699) Işmen, A., O. Ozen, U. Altinagac, U. Ozekinci and A. Ayaz 2007 Weight-length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 23:707-708. (Ref. 86713) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-18 00:00:00 2024-08-16 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 5 - 200 m (Ref. 6808), usually 20 - 35 m (Ref. 27000) Brito, A. 1991 Catalogo de los pesces de las Islas Canarias. Francisco Lemus, la Laguna. 230 p. (Ref. 6808) Reiner, F. 1996 Catálogo dos peixes do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publ. Avuls. Inst. Port. Invest. Mar. 2:339 p. (Ref. 27000)