FB-229 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=229 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Albuliformes Albulidae Nemoossis Nemoossis belloci (Cadenat, 1937) Suld Albula Álbula Arencão Arabaiana-boca-de-rato Banana Bicudo Flecha Flexa Focinho-de-rato Juruma Juruna Lasca Lasca boca redonda Mursani Obarana Obarana-focinho-de-rato Obarana-rato Osso Peixe-banana Peixe-osso Peixe-rato Ratão Robalo-da-pedra Rolo Tubarana Ubarana Ubarana-boca-de-rato Ubarana-do-norte Ubarana-focinho-de-rato Ubarana-mirim Ubarana-rato Ubarana-roliça Urubaiana-boca-de-rato Beenvis Bonouk Far al bahar Tarr Albula liščí Almindelig damefisk Damenfisch Frauenfisch Banana Banana fish Bananafish Bonefish Indo-Pacific bonefish Lady fish Ladyfish Long-finned eel Macabi Roundjaw bonefish Salmon peel Tarpon Tenny Tenpounder Harilik luiskala Aminoe Naiskala Albule Banane Banane de mer Sorte de mulet Tarpon Kpole Lanma Bud-bod Bending curut Soto-iwashi Elimeen ഇലിമീന്  എലിമീന് Banang Banang bulat daun Bandang bulat Bandang curut Bandeng cecurut Bulat daun Ikan pisang Pepisang Pisang-pisang Fiamandry Morobo Ndregoko Альбула альбуля сельдь белая Lati borèkhi gnérékhi Chache Kifimbo Mnyimbi Panya Albulid Bening Ioio 'Io'io Bidbid Nginaan Nguignagne Nguignane Borrigero Carajo Conejo Colvino Gatico Gato Inliaula Inllaulá Liguija Lisa saltona Macabi Macabí Macabi de hebra Macabi Lebranche Macabi ratón Macabie Macaco Parra Peje gato Pejegato Piojo Ratón Ratón de mar Sanducha Zorro Arencão Baalango Banana Colepinha malabo Curiyu Dépéra Dèpèraa Epo edwile Fiamandry Finóuin Hermaanchi Hermanchi Kio kio Kiokio Koščenke Miemas Mloulou Mlulu Morobo Moussane M'tsumbwi Muizi Nifa Pati Te ikari Te kiokio Ten-pounda Tiasulan Yu 北梭魚 北梭鱼 Albula argentea (non Forster, 1801) Albula conorynchus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Albula forsteri (non Valenciennes, 1847) Albula glossodonta (non Forsskål, 1775) Albula lacustris Walbaum, 1792 Albula neoguinaica (non Valenciennes, 1847) Albula parrae Valenciennes, 1847 Albula plumieri Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Albula rostrata (non Gray, 1854) Amia immaculata Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Argentina glossodonta (non Forsskål, 1775) Butyrinus bananus Lacepède, 1803 Clupea brasiliensis Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Clupea macrocephala Lacepède, 1803 Engraulis bahiensis Spix, 1829 Engraulis sericus Spix, 1829 Esox argenteus (non Forster, 1801) Esox vulpes Linnaeus, 1758 Esunculus costai Kaup, 1856 Glossodus forskalii Spix & Agassiz, 1829 1990-10-17 2016-10-21 ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. 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Randall 1995-01-16 2008-07-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Alvul_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Alvul_u0.jpg FB-pic-228-4798 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-07-03 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Alvul_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Alvul_u1.gif FB-pic-228-15516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Rachel C. Atanacio 1997-09-24 2008-07-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Alvul_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Alvul_u3.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Adults inhabit shallow coastal waters, estuaries and bays, over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 3237). Often in schools, except large individuals which are solitary (Ref. 7251). Dorsal fin may show above surface (Ref. 42064). More or less pelagic but feed on benthic worms, crustaceans, and mollusks (Ref. 2850); that are picked from mud and sand bottoms (Ref. 27549). They can tolerate oxygen poor water by inhaling air into a lung-like airbladder (Ref. 9710). Flesh is bony and not esteemed (Ref. 9268). One of the most important game fishes worldwide (Ref. 26938). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1990 Albulidae. p. 122-124. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris, Vol. 1. FB-DiagnosticDescr-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Maria Lourdes D. Palomares 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Branchiostegal rays 12-14 (Ref. 4639). Silvery with dusky fins; base of pectorals yellow (Ref. 3970). Body elongate and fusiform (Ref. 4832). Last ray of dorsal and anal fins not prolonged; head region naked; spot and band absent on head; margin of nasal pore not black (Ref. 13608). Bluntly conical snout extends beyond inferior mouth (Ref. 26938). Pectoral and pelvic axillary scales present; a single long scale on each side of membrane between each ray of dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 4832). Smith, M.M. 1986 Albulidae. p. 157. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3970) FB-Morphology-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Maria Lourdes D. Palomares 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 19; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 7 - 9; Vertebrae: 69 - 74 Smith, M.M. 1986 Albulidae. p. 157. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3970) FB-Distribution-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-05-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 Worldwide in warm seas. Hawaiian species have been verified by electrophoretic analysis (Ref. 5577), hence, Albula vulpes might be further split. Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Peru (Ref. 2850). Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Florida, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles and Caribbean to Brazil (Ref. 26938). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). The West African form is Albula goreensis, Valenciennes, 1846. Shaklee, J.B. and C.S. Tamaru 1981 Biochemical and morphological evolution of Hawaiian bonefishes (<i>Albula</i>). Syst. Zool. 30(2):125-146. (Ref. 5577) FB-Uses-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Fitch, J.E. and R.J. Lavenberg 1971 Marine food and game fishes of California. University of California Press, USA. 179 p. (Ref. 4563) van der Elst, R. 1993 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. (3rd Ed.). Struik Publishers, Cape Town. 398 p. (Ref. 12484) FB-Migration-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692). Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) FB-LifeCycle-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=228&StockCode=242 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Spawning occurs in open waters. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 205). Jones, P.W., F.D. Martin and J.D. Hardy Jr. 1978 Development of fishes of the Mid-Atlantic Bight. An atlas of eggs, larval and juvenile stages. Vol. 1. Acipenseridae through Ictaluridae. U.S. Fish Wildl. Ser. Biol. Serv. Program FWS/OBS-78/12. 336 p. (Ref. 4639) FB-TrophicStrategy-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2018-05-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ vulpes Inhabits shallow coastal waters, estuaries and bays, over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 3237). Often in schools, except large individuals which are solitary (Ref. 7251). Dorsal fin may show above surface (Ref. 42064). More or less pelagic but feeds on benthic worms, crustaceans, and mollusks (Ref. 2850), also on cephalopods and fish (Ref. 26338). Tolerates oxygen poor water by inhaling air into a lung-like airbladder (Ref. 9710). Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova 1994 Alimentacion y relaciones tróficas. p. 263-284. In Rodolfo Claro (ed.) Ecología de los Peces Marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo, Mexico. (Ref. 26338) FB-Size-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 104 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)); max. published weight: 10,000 g (Ref. 37955) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) De la Cruz Agüero, J., M. Arellano Martínez, V.M. Cota Gómez and G. de la Cruz-Agüero 1997 Catalogo de los peces marinos de Baja California Sur. IPN-CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico. P. 346. (Ref. 37955) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-228 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=228 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses reef-associated; amphidromous (Ref. 126106); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 84 m (Ref. 13608), usually 1 - 15 m (Ref. 9268) Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii (eds.) 1983 Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 519 p. (Ref. 13608) Whitehead, P.J.P. and R. Rodríguez-Sancez 1995 Albulidae. Macabíes. p. 851-853. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9268)