FB-2313 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Clariidae Clarias Clarias liocephalus Boulenger, 1898 Sagkobaber Smoothhead catfish Smooth-head catfish Mokkakonnamonni Kambale Malagarazi Emale Eyisombi Igihoro Ishonzi Isombe Nduri Nsonzi Tukpe Umugorora Umukubengeri 裸头胡鲶 裸頭鬍鯰 Clarias carsoni Boulenger, 1903 Clarias carsonii Boulenger, 1903 Clarias neumanni Hilgendorf, 1905 Clarias ornatus Poll, 1943 Clarias phillipsi Norman, 1925 Clarias submarginatus (non Peters, 1882) Clarias submarginatus liocephalus Boulenger, 1898 Clarias youngicus Ricardo-Bertram, 1943 1991-02-26 2024-01-22 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Teugels, G.G.0 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) Teugels, G.G.0 Clariidae. p. 66-101. In J. Daget, J.-P. 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(Ref. 120641) FB-pic-2313-13736 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-07 1997-03-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Cllio_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Cllio_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-26 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Occurs in marginal water-lily and papyrus swamps as well as in marginal weed beds; abundant in high mountain streams and torrents and on the bottom among stones; not found in any situation lower than about 915 m above sea level nor in water of a higher temperature than 18 °C (Ref. 248). In the Rukwa and Malawi drainage they are sometimes found in very cold upland streams (Ref. 78218). These fishes are omnivores, feeding on insect larvae and sometimes also fishes (Ref. 78218). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-04-01 00:00:00 2013-01-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Pectoral fin spine with serrations on the inner and upward directed on the outer side (Ref. 34290). Head oval to rectangular dorsally; snout broadly rounded; eyes more laterally located. Frontal fontanelle intermediate between `knife-shaped' and `sole-shaped'; occipital fontanelle long and oval-shaped. Supraorbital and `dermosphenotic' bones generally joined above 150 mm SL and more dorsally placed. Tooth plates relatively broad. Pectoral spine relatively short; its outer side strongly serrated over entire length. Gill rakers short and far apart. Openings of secondary sensory canals regularly arranged on flanks. Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Morphology-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-04-01 00:00:00 2013-01-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 67 - 79; Analsoft rays: 53 - 67; Vertebrae: 55 - 58 Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Distribution-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-26 00:00:00 2015-10-05 21:26:21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Africa: Lake Victoria, Edward, George, small lakes of Uganda, Lake Kivu, smaller lakes of Rwanda, Lake Tanganyika, in Malawi, Kagera, Malagarazi and Ruzizi Rivers (Ref. 248). Also in Lake Rukwa (Ref. 27292) and in Luapula and Lualaba River drainages (Congo River basin) (Ref. 248). Present in Cunene, Okavango, upper Zambezi, and Kafue systems (Ref. 7248). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Uses-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-26 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 fisheries: commercial Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-TrophicStrategy-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-04-01 00:00:00 2000-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public liocephalus Feeds on fish, plants and insects (Ref. 248). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus <i>Clarias</i> (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Size-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-26 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 32.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3820)) Teugels, G.G. 1986 Clariidae. p. 66-101. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels, MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3820) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-26 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2313 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution demersal; freshwater