FB-299 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=299 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anguilliformes Congridae Conger Conger orbignianus Valenciennes, 1837 Bayangitan Mar-mahi-e-tiz-dandan Murenoszczuk indochinski Congro bicudo do Japâo Congro-bicudo-do-Japão Asfan Nachoot Rabah Thubah ثعبان وردي Obod Oldok Panapa Pindanga Ubod Pamuréna saudskoarabská Batavia-geddemuræne Hechtmuräne Arabian pike eel Conger pike Daggertooth pike-conger Dagger tooth pikeconger Daggertooth pike conger Darkfin pike eel Pike eel Purple pike conger Shape-toothed eel Silver conger eel Silver eel Jaapani haugangerjas Ikasa lkasa Hopeahaukiankerias Congre-brochet à dents de sabre Morénésoce dague Murène japonaise Murénésoce-dague זאבן- אפור Hamo Kaet-chang-ǒ 갯장어 Wam वाम Belut Indong Ketingkor Malong perak Malong Muar hu Nong Tuna Schukorylyi ugor' угорь японский щукорылый Kadal vilangu Kadal-vilangu கடல் விலாங்கு கடல்வீளாங்கு  Pindanga Ubod Cá Dưa bạc Cá Dưa xám Cá lae Morenocio dentón Banusak Egat Endong Hǎi mán Indong Kurarato Kuraratu Láng yá shàn Langing Loutsosmerna Mounga maze Mudu luhulla Mudu teliya Pucuk nipah Puliviya Tawtih Toga Ugbot Vel luhulla Yaalgaadyi Λουτσοσμέρνα 海鰻 海鳗 灰海鰻 門鱔 青門鱔 Muraena arabica Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Muraena arabicus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Muraena cinerea Forsskål, 1775 Muraenesox arabicus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Muraenesox cinerius (Forsskål, 1775) Muraenosox cinereus (Forsskål, 1775) 1990-10-17 2007-07-24 Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. 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(Ref. 137577) Zhao, R., V.T.T. Lam, Y. Chen, J.Y.F. Sit, J. Li, K.M.Y. Leung and M. Yan0 A pilot study of fish biodiversity with a highlight of chondrichthyans in Hong Kong waters using environmental DNA metabarcoding. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci. 86(104194):1-9. (Ref. 137658) FB-pic-298-12042 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-10-01 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mucin_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Mucin_u0.gif FB-pic-298-44178 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Information Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 2006-04-06 2006-04-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mucin_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Mucin_u4.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-07-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Occurs from the littoral zone to the upper bathy-benthic region (Ref. 9942, 11230). Inhabits soft bottoms (Ref. 11230), also found in estuaries. Sometimes enters freshwater environment (Ref. 9987). Feeds on small bottom fishes and crustaceans. Captured and cultured for fishery in Japan. Marketed mainly fresh (Ref. 7238). Also used as bait for shark fishing (Ref. 2872). Also caught by bag (dol) nets. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) FB-DiagnosticDescr-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1996-03-31 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Snout long; eye diameter 2-2.5 times in snout length; posterior nostrils much closer to eyes than to anterior nostrils; mouth very large; teeth generally large and conspicuous (Ref. 4832). Head broader, interorbital about 8 times in head; lateral-line pores before anus 44-47; dorsal-fin rays before anus 66-78; vertebrae 145-159 (Ref. 9830). Smith, D.G. 1997 Muraenesocidae. Pike congers. p. 1673-1677. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the WCP. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9830) FB-Morphology-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1996-03-31 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Vertebrae: 145 - 159 Smith, D.G. 1997 Muraenesocidae. Pike congers. p. 1673-1677. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the WCP. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9830) FB-Distribution-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2020-08-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf, west coast of India, and Sri Lanka to Fiji and Tuvalu (Ref. 12596), north to Japan and Korea, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and northern Australia. Migrated to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal (Ref. 6724). Castle, P.H.J. 1984 Muraenesocidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Volume III. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7238) FB-Uses-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-07-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: occasionally; price category: very high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) Bianchi, G. 1985 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Pakistan. Prepared with the support of PAK/77/033 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. Rome: FAO. 200 p. FB-Migration-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-07-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. FB-TrophicStrategy-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2000-06-07 00:00:00 2007-08-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public cinereus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Found in sandy or muddy places (Ref. 9137); also inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). A carnivore that feeds on fish and crabs (Ref. 9137). Devadoss, P. and P.K.M. Pillai 1979 Observations on the food and feeding habits of the eel, <i>Muraenesox cinereus</i> (Forskal) from Porto Novo. Indian J. Fish. 26(1):244-247. (Ref. 34205) FB-Size-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-07-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 220 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 559)); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 72462) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Altman, P.L. and D.S. Dittmer 1962 Growth, including reproduction and morphological development. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. (Ref. 72462) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-298-168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-07-25 00:00:00 2002-08-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=298&StockCode=312 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Anisakis Disease (juvenile). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-298-577 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-11-08 00:00:00 2002-11-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=298&StockCode=312 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Hysterothylacium Infection (Hysterothylacium sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Shih, H.-H. and M.-S. Jeng 2002 <i>Hysterothylacium aduncum</i> (Nematoda: Anisakidae) infecting a herbivorous fish <i>Siganus fuscescens</i>, off the Taiwanese coast of the northwest Pacific. Zool. Stud. 41(2):208-215. (Ref. 43904) FB-Habitat-298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-07-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=298 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration demersal; oceanodromous; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range ? - 800 m (Ref. 100719), usually ? - 300 m (Ref. 9942) Goldshmidt, O., B. Galil, D. Golani, B. Lazar, J. Erez and A. Baranes 1996 Food selection and habitat preferences in deep-sea fishes of the northern Red Sea. Uiblein, F., J. Ott, and M. Stachowtisch (Eds) Deep-sea and extreme shallow-water habitat: affinities and adaptations. Biosystematics and Ecology Series 11:271-298. (Ref. 100719) Klausewitz, W. 1994 Comparative studies on the vertical distribution of bathybenthic deep-sea fishes of the Red Sea. Proc. IPFC 4:462-468. (Ref. 9942)