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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-2993</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2993</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Catostomidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Ictiobus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes, 1844)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Bufalo velkohubý</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Kaprovec velkohubý</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Kaprovec velkoústý</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Bredmundet bøffelkarpe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Bigmouth buffalo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Suursuu-piisonkala</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Isoimukarppi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Poisson-taureau</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>большеротый буффало</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>буйвол-рыба</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Buffelfisk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bufalo cu gura mare</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>大口牛胭脂魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>大口牛胭脂鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>大口胭脂鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Ictiobus cyprinella (Valenciennes, 1844)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sclerognathus cyprinella Valenciennes, 1844</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2020-01-24</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120736&amp;speccode=2993'>COSEWIC0 COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Bigmouth Buffalo &lt;i&gt;Ictiobus cyprinellus&lt;/i&gt;, Great Lakes - Upper St. Lawrence populations and Saskatchewan - Nelson River populations, in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 40 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). (Ref. 120736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120740&amp;speccode=2993'>Harlan, J.R. and E.B. Speaker0 Iowa fish and fishing. Iowa State Conservation Commission. 377 p. (Ref. 120740)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121466&amp;speccode=2993'>Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing: News, April 2019 Edition. http://www.fishing-worldrecords.com/ (Ref. 121466)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121623&amp;speccode=2993'>Fuller, P. and R. Sturtevant0 &lt;i&gt;Ictiobus cyprinellus&lt;/i&gt; (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1844): U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL, and NOAA Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System,  Ann Arbor, MI. https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=362, Revision Date: 11/8/2019, Peer Review Date: 4/1/2016, Access Date: 1/24/2020. (Ref. 121623)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2993'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante0 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132215&amp;speccode=2993'>WDNR, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources0 Wisconsin Fish Species List.. World Wide Web electronic publication, Accessed 05 Oct. 2024. Madison (USA, WI):  Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 6 p. https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/sites/default/files/topic/Fishing/Species_wifish.pdf (Ref. 132215)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=2993'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2993</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults inhabit main channels, pools, backwaters of small to large rivers, lakes, and impoundments (Ref. 86798). They feed on cladocera and cyclopoid copepods supplemented with midge larvae (Ref. 10294).  Oviparous (Ref. 205). They prefer water with depth of less than 5 m (Ref. 121623).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86798&amp;speccode=2993'>Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 2011 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2993</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>North America:  Hudson Bay (Nelson and Red river drainages), Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from Ontario to Saskatchewan in Canada and Montana in the US, and south to Louisiana in the US.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86798&amp;speccode=2993'>Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 2011 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12108&amp;speccode=2993'>Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. (Ref. 12108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4699&amp;speccode=2993'>International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2993</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2993'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2993&amp;StockCode=3189</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle</subject>
	<dc:description>Oviparous (Ref. 205).  Breed in streams and ponds with rapid flow, on sand and gravel, or in weedy places (Ref. 205). One female may mate with several males (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=2993'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2007-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>cyprinellus</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>Inhabits main channels, pools and backwaters of small to large rivers.  Also occurs in lakes and impoundments.  Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52559&amp;speccode=2993'>Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns 2001 Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2554:iv+89p. (Ref. 52559)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2993</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>123 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 31.9 kg (Ref. 4699); max. reported age: 26 years (Ref. 120593)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=2993'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4699&amp;speccode=2993'>International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120593&amp;speccode=2993'>Eakins, R.J. 2019 Bigmouth buffalo. Ontario Freshwater Fishes Life History Database. Version 4.85. Online database. (http://www.ontariofishes.ca; http://www.ontariofishes.ca/home.htm), accessed 25 June 2019. (Ref. 120593)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-2993</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater; depth range 4 - ? m (Ref. 121623)</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2993'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121623&amp;speccode=2993'>Fuller, P. and R. Sturtevant 2020 &lt;i&gt;Ictiobus cyprinellus&lt;/i&gt; (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1844): U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL, and NOAA Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System,  Ann Arbor, MI. https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=362, Revision Date: 11/8/2019, Peer Review Date: 4/1/2016, Access Date: 1/24/2020. (Ref. 121623)</reference></dataObject>
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