FB-4680 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cyprinodontiformes Poeciliidae Poecilia Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes, 1846 Molinezja ostrousta Živorodka ostrotlamá Almindelig molly Spitzmaulkärpfling Wildmolly Black mollie Black Molly Liberty mollie Mexican molly Molly Teravnina-kirevkala Molli Molly Chernaya mollineziya Živorodka ostropyská Molly Topote mexicano Machuri 黑花鮰(摩丽鱼) 黑花鮰(摩麗魚) Gambusia modesta Troschel, 1865 Gambusia plumbea Troschel, 1865 Lembesseia parvianalis Fowler, 1949 Mollienesia altissima Hubbs, 1936 Mollienesia gracilis (non Regan, 1913) Mollienesia macrura Hubbs, 1935 Mollienesia pallida de Buen, 1943 Mollienesia sphenops altissima Hubbs, 1936 Mollienesia sphenops macrura Hubbs, 1935 Mollienesia sphenops pallida de Buen, 1943 Mollienesia sphenops vantynei Hubbs, 1935 Mollienesia vantynei Hubbs, 1935 Mollienisia sphenops (Valenciennes, 1846) Platypoecilus mentalis Gill, 1877 Platypoecilus nelsoni Meek, 1904 Platypoecilus tropicus Meek, 1907 Poecilia boucardii Steindachner, 1878 Poecilia caudata Meek, 1909 Poecilia chisoyensis Günther, 1866 Poecilia dovii Günther, 1866 Poecilia spilonota Regan, 1908 Poecilia spilurus Günther, 1866 Poecilia tenuis Meek, 1907 Poecilia thermalis Steindachner, 1863 Poecilia vandepolli arubensis van Lidth de Jeude, 1887 Poecilia vetiprovidentiae Fowler, 1950 1991-10-23 2016-11-10 Riehl, R. and H.A. 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(Ref. 129076) FB-GeneralDescr-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Adults feed on worms, crustaceans, insects, plant matter. The black variety (Black molly) is a very popular aquarium fish and is marketed throughout the world (Ref. 1739). In the aquarium it feeds on green algae and also readily accepts dried food (Ref. 1672). Minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref. 51539). Wischnath, L. 1993 Atlas of livebearers of the world. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., United States of America. 336 p. (Ref. 26130) FB-Distribution-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2022-10-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Central and South America: Mexico to Colombia. Often confused with Poecilia mexicana (Ref. 1739). Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister and J.R. Stauffer 1980 Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History. 867 p. (Ref. 6466) FB-Uses-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: highly commercial Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) FB-LifeCycle-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4680&StockCode=4898 Produces 20 to 150 young after 28 days gestation. Wischnath, L. 1993 Atlas of livebearers of the world. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., United States of America. 336 p. (Ref. 26130) FB-TrophicStrategy-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-08 00:00:00 2000-11-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public sphenops http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects, plant matter. Wischnath, L. 1993 Atlas of livebearers of the world. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., United States of America. 336 p. (Ref. 26130) FB-Size-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 7.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 102977)) Velázquez-Velázquez, E., M. Maza-Cruz, A.E. Gómez-González and J.A. Navarro-Alberto 2015 Length-weight relationships for 32 fish species in the Grijalva River Basin, México. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31:413-414. (Ref. 102977) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-4680-1448 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-02-03 00:00:00 2005-02-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4680&StockCode=4898 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Capillaria Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-4680-1141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-03 00:00:00 2003-11-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4680&StockCode=4898 Parasitic Copepod Infestation (general). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Habitat-4680 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-23 00:00:00 2025-12-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size benthopelagic; non-migratory (Ref. 126106); freshwater; brackish; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; dH range: 11 - 30 Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)