FB-5405 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Osteoglossiformes Mormyridae Marcusenius Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Boelhond Boelhond-snawelvis Nembele Snawelvis Um shelfa Lububu Mintesa Nchesu Rypoun rhodéský Rypoun velkošupinatý Rypoun velkošupinný Bulldogfisk Großschuppiger Nilhecht Bulldog Bulldog-fish Elephant nose Tana-bulldog Buldog-markuskala Leukanuijakala Mpuni Mputa Nchemba Ndaka Ntachi Tshibobobo Tshikalanomo Mbelewele Mbongombongo Mphuta Ndagumka Samwamowa 大鱗異吻象鼻魚 大鱗錐頜象鼻魚 大鳞异吻象鼻鱼 大鳞锥颌象鼻鱼 罗德西亚异吻象鼻鱼 羅德西亞異吻象鼻魚 Gnathonemus graeverti Steindachner, 1914 Gnathonemus macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Gnathonemus macrolepidotus f. okavangensis Pappenheim, 1907 Gnathonemus macrolepidotus macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Gnathonemus moeruensis Boulenger, 1915 Gnathonemus okavangensis Pappenheim, 1907 Gnathonemus pongolensis (non Fowler, 1934) Gnathonemus rhodesianus Määr, 1962 Hippopotamyrus macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Marcusenius graeverti (Steindachner, 1914) Marcusenius macrolepidotus macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Marcusenius moeruensis (Boulenger, 1915) Marcusenius rhodesianus (Määr, 1962) Mormyrops macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852) Mormyrus macrolepidotus Peters, 1852 1992-04-15 2010-08-19 Balon, E.K. and A.G. Coche0 Lake Kariba: a man-made tropical ecosystem in Central Africa. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, Monogr. Biol. 24. 767 p. (Ref. 355) De Kimpe, P.0 Contribution à l'étude hydrobiologique du Luapula-Moero. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sér. in-8°, Sci. Zool., 128:238 p. (Ref. 361) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. (Ref. 2060) Poll, M.0 Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba - Mission G.F. De Witte en collaboration avec W. Adam, A. Janssens, L. Van Meel et R. Verheyen (1946-1949). Fascicule 73. Poissons. Fondation pour favoriser les Recherches Scientifiques en Afrique, Bruxelles. 127 pp. (Ref. 2970) Balon, E.K.0 Fishes of Lake Kariba, Africa. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 3126) Gosse, J.-P.0 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. 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(Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-5405-13402 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-02-18 1997-02-18 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mamac_u2.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Mamac_u2.gif FB-GeneralDescr-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2010-08-19 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Caught with dipnets in the Kafue floodplain, Zambia. Prefers well-vegetated, muddy bottomed marginal habitats of rivers and floodplains. A shoaling species which moves inshore after dark. Migrates within rivers. Recorded to move up tributaries in shoals during flood season (Ref. 13337). Feeds on invertebrates, especially midge and mayfly larvae and pupae taken from the bottom and off plant stems. Breeds during the rainy season in shallow vegetated localities; females carry up to 6,000 eggs (Ref. 7248). Possesses electroreceptors over the entire head and on the ventral and dorsal regions of the body, but absent from the side and the caudal peduncle where the electric organ is located (Ref. 10011). Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-01-19 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Diagnosis: Marcusenius macrolepidotus is best distinguished from M. altisambesi by the number of circumpeduncular scales, which is 12-18 vs. 12-14, and an electric organ discharge lacking an initial head-negativity; from M. devosi by the number of scales in linear series along the lateral line row, which is 52-62 vs. 56-66, shorter caudal peduncle length, and weaker Namp of its electric organ discharge; from M. pongolensis by the number of scales in linear series along the lateral line row, which is 52-62 vs. 70-76, the umber of circumpeduncular scales, which is 12-18 vs. 16-20, a greater body depth, and longer Ndur of its electric organ discharge in females and juveniles; and from M. angolensis by its lower number of anal fin rays, being less than 31 vs. 33, and dorsal fin rays, being less than 24 vs. 26, and a higher number of circumpeduncular scales (Ref. 75962).Description: Head with terminal mouth well in front of eye, mental lobe on lower jaw protruding beyond upper jaw; head and body dorsolaterally compressed (Ref. 4967, 13337, 75962). Dorsal fin situated about two thirds of standard length from snout, obliquely orientated, anteriorly higher and posteriorly lower, proximal tip rounded, distal tip sharply pointed, distal margin sometimes only slightly crescentic with anterior two or three rays longer than posterior rays, number of rays 20-24; anal fin opposite dorsal fin with distinctly more anterior origin, obliquely orientated, anteriorly lower and posteriorly higher, anterior rays longer than posterior ones, especially in males where they also appear stronger and often darkened, distal margin crescentic, number of rays 26-31 (Ref. 75962). Scales cycloid with reticulate striae, scales extending anteriorly to operculum and pectoral fins; scales on caudal peduncle circumference, 12-18 (Ref. 75962). Caudal peduncle relatively deep, subcylindrical entire length, 17-21% of standard length (Ref. 75962). Electric organ discharge biphasic lacking a weak pre-potential, Pdur around 183 µs, Ndur around 174 µs, Pamp and Namp of similar strength (Ref. 75962).Colouration: Colour in life: back and sides grey-silver, dark on the back and lighter on the sides, to very fair on the underside, gold-olive or purple shimmer depending on angle of light incidence, dark-grey blotches on sides and on unpaired fins, especially on the tail, but absent on head and belly, area next to first ray of anal fin darker, less distinct in females (Ref. 75962). Colour in preservation: blackish-brown on back, fading into ochre on lower body parts, light ochre on underside, blotches seen in life less distinct in preservation (Ref. 75962). Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-Morphology-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-01-19 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 20 - 24; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 26 - 31 Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-Distribution-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2017-01-30 20:49:41 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Africa: Lower Zambezi River from the delta upstream to at least Tete, if not Victoria Falls, and the lower Shire River; also Pungwe, Buzi and Mulela Rivers (Ref. 75962). Also upper and central Congo basin (Ref. 3203, 95585), Lake Rukwa basin (Ref. 95585), and east flowing rivers of Tanzania and Natal (Ref. 3203). Widespread and common in the Cunene and Okavango systems (Ref. 7248). Reports from Pool Malebo (Ref. 41585), the middle Congo River (Ref. 4910) and the Lulua (Kasai drainage)(Ref. 42554) possibly refer to M. angolensis. Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-Uses-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2010-08-19 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-Migration-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2010-08-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-10 00:00:00 2001-03-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ macrolepidotus Prefers well-vegetated, muddy bottomed marginal habitats of rivers and floodplains. A shoaling species which moves inshore after dark. Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: occasionally in sandy streams, occasionally on rocky streams, common in standing deep water, common in shallow swamps, and common in shallow flood plains (Ref. 037065). Migrates within rivers. Recorded to move up tributaries in shoals during flood season (Ref. 13337). Feeds on invertebrates, especially midge and mayfly larvae and pupae taken from the bottom and off plant stems. Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-Size-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2010-08-19 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle 32.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 27292)); max. published weight: 500 g (Ref. 7248) Seegers, L. 1996 The fishes of the Lake Rukwa drainage. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 278:1-407. (Ref. 27292) Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2010-08-19 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5405 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; pH range: 7.0; dH range: 10 Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)