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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Centrarchiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sinipercidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Siniperca</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Siniperca roulei Wu, 1930</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Escalo-do-Arade</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Jelec aradenský</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Arade chub</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Arade turb</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Leuciscus aradensis Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues &amp; Collares-Pereira, 1998</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>2000-03-16</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-08-16</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28035&amp;speccode=55446'>Coelho, M.M., N.G. Bogutskaya, J.A. Rodrigues and M.J. Collares-Pereira0 &lt;i&gt;Leuciscus torgalensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;L. aradensis&lt;/i&gt;, two new cyprinids from Portuguese fresh waters. J. Fish Biol. 52(5):937-950. (Ref. 28035)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=55446'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57074&amp;speccode=55446'>Ribeiro, F., R. Beldade, M. Dix and J. Bochechas0 Carta piscícola Nacional Direcçao Geral dos Recursos Florestais-Fluviatilis, Lda. http://www.fluviatilis.com/dgf/?nologin=true. Publicação electrónica (versão 12/2005). Accessed 19 July 2006. (Ref. 57074)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57751&amp;speccode=55446'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database Intermet version of November 2006. http://www.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/ (Ref. 57751)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-2-8399-0298-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=59043&amp;speccode=55446'>Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof0 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=55446'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=119049&amp;speccode=55446'>Antunes, C., F. Cobo and M.J. Araujo0 Iberian inland fisheries. p. 268-282. In J.F. Craig (ed.).  Freshwater Fisheries Ecology. John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd. 899p. (Ref. 119049)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130435&amp;speccode=55446'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138297&amp;speccode=55446'>Ordeix, M. and F. Casals0 Why and when do freshwater fish migrate? Observations of migration patterns of the native fishes from the Iberian Peninsula (SW Europe). Limnetica 43(1):9-28. (Ref. 138297)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>2000-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>An ubiquitous species which inhabits small to medium sized streams with Mediterranean water regime.  May be restricted to very small pools during summer.  Mature individuals breed in shallow riffle habitats in fast-flowing water (Ref. 59043).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='978-2-8399-0298-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=59043&amp;speccode=55446'>Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>Marcelo Loureiro</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:description>Diagnosed from its congeners in Iberian Peninsula by having the following characters:  infraorbitals 4 and 5 very large, completely fused; 33-40 + 2 scales on lateral line; snout rounded; mouth subterminal, upper jaw projecting; head length less than body depth; and 2½ -3 scale rows between lateral line and pelvic fin origin (Ref. 59043).  Preopercular-mandibular canal communicates with infraorbital canal (Ref. 28035).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28035&amp;speccode=55446'>Coelho, M.M., N.G. Bogutskaya, J.A. Rodrigues and M.J. Collares-Pereira 1998 &lt;i&gt;Leuciscus torgalensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;L. aradensis&lt;/i&gt;, two new cyprinids from Portuguese fresh waters. J. Fish Biol. 52(5):937-950. (Ref. 28035)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7 - 8; Vertebrae: 37 - 38</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28035&amp;speccode=55446'>Coelho, M.M., N.G. Bogutskaya, J.A. Rodrigues and M.J. Collares-Pereira 1998 &lt;i&gt;Leuciscus torgalensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;L. aradensis&lt;/i&gt;, two new cyprinids from Portuguese fresh waters. J. Fish Biol. 52(5):937-950. (Ref. 28035)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Europe:  Arade, Algibre and Bordeira basins in the extreme south of Portugal (Ref. 28035).  Reported from the Iberian Peninsula, Spain (Ref. 119049).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28035&amp;speccode=55446'>Coelho, M.M., N.G. Bogutskaya, J.A. Rodrigues and M.J. Collares-Pereira 1998 &lt;i&gt;Leuciscus torgalensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;L. aradensis&lt;/i&gt;, two new cyprinids from Portuguese fresh waters. J. Fish Biol. 52(5):937-950. (Ref. 28035)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138297&amp;speccode=55446'>Ordeix, M. and F. Casals 2024 Why and when do freshwater fish migrate? Observations of migration patterns of the native fishes from the Iberian Peninsula (SW Europe). Limnetica 43(1):9-28. (Ref. 138297)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>13.1 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 28035))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28035&amp;speccode=55446'>Coelho, M.M., N.G. Bogutskaya, J.A. Rodrigues and M.J. Collares-Pereira 1998 &lt;i&gt;Leuciscus torgalensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;L. aradensis&lt;/i&gt;, two new cyprinids from Portuguese fresh waters. J. Fish Biol. 52(5):937-950. (Ref. 28035)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 138297); freshwater</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138297&amp;speccode=55446'>Ordeix, M. and F. Casals 2024 Why and when do freshwater fish migrate? Observations of migration patterns of the native fishes from the Iberian Peninsula (SW Europe). Limnetica 43(1):9-28. (Ref. 138297)</reference></dataObject>
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