FB-69705 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69705 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Enteromius Enteromius baleensis Prokofiev, Levin & Golubtsov, 2021 2022-05-19 2022-05-19 Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks0 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-GeneralDescr-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 Based on its morphology, most probably a piscivorous species (Ref. 126312). Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-DiagnosticDescr-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 Diagnosis: Species with a piscivorous morphology; body very shallow, its body depth 27.2-30.1% of standard length; interorbital area flat and broad, interorbital width 57.4-63.3% of head width; outer oral teeth few and large, number of upper outer teeth 24-42; females green dorsally, white ventrally, and with a well-defined mid-lateral band; dominant male colour pattern unknown (Ref. 126312). Amongst piscivorous species from the Lake Edward system, Haplochromis latifrons differs from all, except H. mentatus and H. kimondo, by the combination of a broader interorbital area, interorbital width 57.4-63.3% of head width vs. 39.3-57.1%; a shorter anal fin base, anal fin base 14.7-17.3% of standard length vs. 17.1-22.2%; and a smallernumber of branched anal-fin rays, 7-8 vs. 9-11, rarely 8 (Ref. 126312). It differs from H. mentatus by the combination of a shorter dorsal-fin base, dorsal-fin base 47.2-50.1% of standard length vs. 50.3-54.2%; a strongly vs. weakly prominent premaxillary pedicel; a gentler sloping lower jaw side, 25-30° vs. 30-45°; juveniles and females green dorsally and white ventrally vs. uniformly yellow-green; and presence vs. absence of a well-defined mid-lateral band (Ref. 126312). It differs from H. kimondo by the combination of large vs. small outer oral teeth; a smaller number of outer upper jaw teeth, 24-42 vs. 43-70; and a shorter anal-fin base, anal-fin base 14.7-17.3% of standard length vs. 17.0-19.2% (Ref. 126312).Description: Body very shallow and oval to pyriform; caudal peduncle long (Ref. 126312). Head narrow, dorsally flat, and with straight dorsal outline; interorbital area flat and average in width in comparison to generalised Haplochromis elegans, but very broad for a piscivorous species; eye very small and high on head; cheek and lacrimal deep; snout very long, acute, and slopes gently at 30-40°; premaxillary pedicel long and strongly prominent (Ref. 126312). Jaws isognathous, long, stout, very narrow, and rounded in dorsal view; gape large and slopes gently at 15-25°; maxilla (almost) extends to vertical through anterior margin of orbit; lower jaw relatively deep and with a weakly convex ventral outline in lateral view, mental prominence absent or weakly developed, and lower jaw side nearly flat with an inclination of 25-30° to horizontal in anterior view; upper jaw expanded anteriorly; lips and oral mucosa large (Ref. 126312). Neurocranium shallow, ethmo-vomerine block decurved, preorbital region very shallow, 19-21% of neurocranium length, orbital region shallow, 27-32% of neurocranium length, and supraoccipital crest very shallow and pyramidical or wedge-shaped (Ref. 126312). Outer oral teeth few, unicuspid, and large; necks stout, conical, and straight; crowns recurved and acutely pointed; dental arcades rounded; outer teeth widely and very irregularly set with neck-distances of 1-5 neck-widths; in upper jaw, 2-3 posteriormost teeth enlarged; inner teeth relatively large, recurved, unicuspid in large specimens larger than 75 mm standard length, tricuspid in small specimens less than 75 mm standard length; tooth bands very slender crescent-shaped with 1-3 rows of inner teeth and narrow posteriorly until only outer row remains past 2/3 length of tooth band in upper jaw, past 1/2 length of tooth band in lower jaw; inner teeth widely and irregularly set on 1/2-1 outer neck-width from outer row; implantation erect in first row and recumbent in subsequent rows; size decreases slightly buccally and posteriorly (Ref. 126312). Lower pharyngeal bone long, narrow, slim, and shallow over entire length; pharyngeal teeth relatively large and slender; major cusps acutely pointed; cusp gaps concave; minor cusps and cusp protuberances very small; teeth in two median longitudinal rows equal in size and form to lateral teeth, about 10 in each row; posterior transverse row with 15-16 teeth, implanted recumbently with lateral inclination; major cusps recurved, bluntly pointed, and laterally compressed; minor cusps small (Ref. 126312). Chest scales small; transition to larger flank scales gradual; minute scales on proximal half of caudal fin; 33-34 scales on longitudinal line, 23-23 upper lateral line scales, 9-12 lower lateral line scales; 17-19 caudal peduncle scales; 6-7 scales between pectoral and pelvic fins; 4-5 infraorbital cheek scales, 9-12 postorbital cheek scales (Ref. 126312). Caudal fin emarginate; dorsal and anal fins reach to vertical through 2-4 scales anterior to caudal-fin base; pectoral and pelvic fins reach to just anterior to genital opening in females, unknown in males; first branched pelvic-fin ray slightly elongated in all specimens (Ref. 126312). Ceratobranchial gill rakers in outer row of first gill arch short, stout, and simple; posteriormost rakers simple to trifid or anvil-shaped; epibranchial gill rakers slender and simple (Ref. 126312).Colouration: Colouration in life: colour pattern of dominant males unknown (Ref. 126312). Females and juveniles: dorsal parts of body and operculum olive-green; ventral parts of body and operculum white; abrupt transition at height of lower lateral line; flank with a well-defined black mid-lateral band from posterior margin of eye to caudal-fin base; dorsum with a blue sheen; cheek and lower jaw white; lacrimal, snout, and lips dusky olive-green; eye with dark grey outer ring and golden inner ring; nostril and interorbital stripes faint; lacrimal blotch large anteroventrally of eye; pectoral fin yellowish; pelvic fin hyaline with a greenish sheen; dorsal and caudal fins uniformly dusky, dorsal fin with black lappets; anal fin with a hyaline-white base, a dusky-yellow distal part, and 1-2 small spots resembling egg-spots (Ref. 126312). Preserved colourartion of females and juveniles: dorsal part of body brown; ventral part of body, cheek, and lower jaw white; lacrimal, snout and lips dusky; flank with a mid-lateral band from posterior margin of eye to caudal-fin base; nostril and interorbital stripes faint, lacrimal blotch present; pectoral fin hyaline; pelvic fin white; dorsal and caudal fins uniformly dusky, dorsal fin with black lappets; anal fin with a white base and dusky distally (Ref. 126312). Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-Morphology-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 16; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7 - 8; Vertebrae: 30 Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-Distribution-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 Africa: endemic to Lake Edward (Ref. 126312). Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-TrophicStrategy-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-07 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ latifrons Based on its morphology, most probably a piscivorous species (Ref. 126312). Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-Size-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 15.8 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 126312)) Vranken, N., M. Van Steenberge, A. Heylen, E. Decru and J. Snoeks 2022 From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of <i>Haplochromis</i> (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system. Eur. J. Taxon. 815:1-94. (Ref. 126312) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-69714 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2022-06-03 00:00:00 2022-06-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69714 pelagic; freshwater