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	<dc:identifier>FB-8069</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8069</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sparidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Diplodus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Diplodus helenae (Sauvage, 1879)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Old wife</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>St. Helena white seabream</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>White seabream</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Sar commun</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Svartstjärt</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sargo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>沼泽重牙鲷</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>沼澤重牙鯛</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Diplodus capensis (non Smith, 1844)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Diplodus sargus (non Linnaeus, 1758)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Diplodus sargus helenae (Sauvage, 1879)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Sargus capensis (non Smith, 1844)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sargus helenae Sauvage, 1879</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Sargus rondeletii (non Valenciennes, 1830)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1993-05-28</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-19</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3688&amp;speccode=8069'>Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau0 Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=8069'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-9516480-0-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5288&amp;speccode=8069'>Edwards, A.0 Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=8069'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=8069'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=8069'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110175&amp;speccode=8069'>Fricke, R., D. Golani and B. Appelbaum-Golani0 &lt;i&gt;Diplodus levantinus&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei: Sparidae), a new species of sea bream from the southeastern Mediterranean Sea of Israel, with a checklist and a key to the species of the &lt;i&gt;Diplodus sargus&lt;i/&gt; species group. Scientia Marina 80(3):1-16. (Ref. 110175)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=8069'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-8069</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8069</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Inhabits rocky bottoms of the continental shelf.  Forms small schools.  Is a minor constituent of the local fishery and is considered a fair table fish locally (Ref. 5288).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110175&amp;speccode=8069'>Fricke, R., D. Golani and B. Appelbaum-Golani 2016 &lt;i&gt;Diplodus levantinus&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei: Sparidae), a new species of sea bream from the southeastern Mediterranean Sea of Israel, with a checklist and a key to the species of the &lt;i&gt;Diplodus sargus&lt;i/&gt; species group. Scientia Marina 80(3):1-16. (Ref. 110175)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-8069</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8069</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Southeast Atlantic:  endemic to Saint Helena.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=110175&amp;speccode=8069'>Fricke, R., D. Golani and B. Appelbaum-Golani 2016 &lt;i&gt;Diplodus levantinus&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei: Sparidae), a new species of sea bream from the southeastern Mediterranean Sea of Israel, with a checklist and a key to the species of the &lt;i&gt;Diplodus sargus&lt;i/&gt; species group. Scientia Marina 80(3):1-16. (Ref. 110175)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-8069</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2014-09-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-09-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>helenae</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Inhabits rocky bottoms of the continental shelf.  Forms small schools.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-9516480-0-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5288&amp;speccode=8069'>Edwards, A. 1990 Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-8069</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8069</dc:source>
	<dc:description>31.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3688))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3688&amp;speccode=8069'>Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau 1990 Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-8069</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8069</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; marine, usually 5 - 15 m (Ref. 5288)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-9516480-0-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5288&amp;speccode=8069'>Edwards, A. 1990 Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)</reference></dataObject>
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