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	<dc:identifier>FB-8679</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Gadiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Macrouridae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Ventrifossa</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Ventrifossa ctenomelas (Gilbert &amp; Cramer, 1897)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Common grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Common grenadier fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Hawaiian grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>夏威夷凹腹鱈</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>夏威夷凹腹鳕</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chalinura ctenomelas Gilbert &amp; Cramer, 1897</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lionurus ctenomelas (Gilbert &amp; Cramer, 1897)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1993-12-02</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-07-10</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba0 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5969&amp;speccode=8679'>Kotlyar, A.N.0 Dictionary of names of marine fishes on the six languages. All Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow. 288 p. (Ref. 5969)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=8679'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31667&amp;speccode=8679'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. (Ref. 31667)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=8679'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=8679'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58302&amp;speccode=8679'>Mundy, B.C.0 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75549&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=8679'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=122680&amp;speccode=8679'>State of hawaii0 SWAP species fact sheets. https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/wildlife/hswap/fact-sheets/ [Accessed 13/08/2020]. (Ref. 122680)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1997-02-07</dcterms:created>
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	<dcterms:created>1997-02-07</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-8679</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1993-12-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-07-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>Not normally taken by commercial fishers because of the absence of a deep-water trawl fishery where it occurs (Ref. 1371).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='https://sites.google.com/site/itsaboutfish/home#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rodolfo B. Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1994-09-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8679</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Snout short, conical, with a black margin along its leading edge and supranarial ridges, but not a ling the median nasal ridge.  Scales small, uniformly covered with small, fine conical spinules.  First dorsal fin with a large black blotch on its distal portion.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-8679</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='https://sites.google.com/site/itsaboutfish/home#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rodolfo B. Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0;  Analspines: 0</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-8679</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1993-12-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:description>Eastern Central Pacific:  apparently confined to the Hawaiian Islands.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>31.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371))</dc:description>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>benthopelagic; non-migratory; marine; depth range 411 - 673 m (Ref. 1371)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=8679'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject>
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