FB-8731 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Rhinopristiformes Glaucostegidae Glaucostegus Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier, 1829) Barbar Ehreey Fanto Hariri Rejnokovec ostronosý Skarpnæset guitarfisk Granulated shovel-nose ray Granulated guitarfish Rough shovelnose ray Sharpnose guitarfish Slough fish Kare kühvelrai Raie guitare épineuse Bhuther Dhons ધોંસ  ભુથર  ೞೊಡ್ಕ  Vanthala കല് പൂന്തി  വന്തല വന്തല  Lanj Pok Ranja ळांज पोक रांजा Pari pandrong Cundaree Kair Sherol Kal uluvai Padangan Purrungan సుట్టివారా  Cá Giống mõm nhọn Bal oliya Gal uluva Scherpsnuitgitaarrog 粒突犁头鳐 粒突犁頭鰩 顆粒犁頭鰩 顆粒琵琶鱝 颗粒犁头鳐 颗粒琵琶鲼 Rhina grannulatus (Cuvier, 1829) Rhinobatos granulates (Cuvier, 1829) Rhinobatos granulatus Cuvier, 1829 Rhinobatus acutus Garman, 1908 Rhinobatus granulatus Cuvier, 1829 Scobatus granulatus (Cuvier, 1829) 1994-01-27 2024-11-14 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. 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Naylor0 <i>Rhinobatos whitei</i>, a new shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Philippine Archipelago. Zootaxa 3872(1):31-47. (Ref. 97528) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Kumar R.R., Venu S., Akhilesh K.V., Bineesh K.K. and Rajan P.T.0 First report of four deep-sea chondrichthyans (Elasmobranchii and Holocephali) from Andaman waters, India with an updated checklist from the region. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 48(3):289-301. (Ref. 118627) Gladston, Y., K.V. Akhilesh, C. Thakurdas, O.P.K. Ravi, S.M. Ajina and L. Shenoy0 Length-weight relationship of selected elasmobranch species from north-eastern Arabian Sea, India. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 34:753-757. (Ref. 121648) Rajan, P.T. and S.S. Mishra0 Fishes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands: An updated checklist. J. Andaman Sci. Assoc. 23(2):148-181. (Ref. 122316) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 28 August 2020. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 4 January 2020]. (Ref. 123416) Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando0 Sharks of the World: A complete guide. Princeton University Press, 607 p. (Ref. 125614) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. <https://www.iucnredlist.org/>. Downloaded 10 Jan 2023. (Ref. 126983) Kyne, P.M., A.J. Courtney, I.P. Jacobsen and M.B. Bennett0 Reproductive parameters of rhinobatid and urolophid batoids taken as by‐catch in the Queensland (Australia) east coast otter‐trawl fishery. J. Fish Biol. 89(2):1208-1226. (Ref. 127662) Prasad, R.R.0 Observations on the egg-cases of some ovoviviparous and viviparous elasmobranchs, with a note on the formation of the elasmobranch egg-case. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 49:755-762. (Ref. 127701) Heemstra, P.C., E. Heemstra, D.A. Ebert, W. Holleman and J.E. Randall (eds.)0 Coastal fishes of the Western Indian Ocean Vol. 1. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, a National Research Facility of the National Research Foundation (NRF-SAIAB), 730 p. (Ref. 127960) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153) Yennawar, P., D. ay, A. Mohapatra and P. Tudu0 Ichthyofauna of Digha Coast, India 235-248 In: K. Venkataraman and C. Sivaperuman. Marine faunal diversity in India: taxonomy, ecology and conservation. Elsevier Inc. (Ref. 137775) FB-pic-8731-16266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-12-22 1997-12-22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhgra_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Rhgra_u1.gif FB-pic-8731-23019 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-06-15 2010-07-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhgra_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhgra_u1.jpg FB-pic-8731-23020 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-06-15 2000-08-11 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Rhgra_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Rhgra_u2.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-11-14 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 Occurs from the intertidal (coastal, inshore) to offshore continental shelves down to 119 m (Ref. 9909, 127960). A carnivorous fish that feeds on large shellfishes (Ref. 58784). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces 6-10 pups a litter (Ref.114953). Biology little known (Ref. 9909). Utilized where it occurs but details lacking (Ref. 9909). Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando 2021 Sharks of the World: A complete guide. Princeton University Press, 607 p. (Ref. 125614) FB-Distribution-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-12-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Indo-Pacific: range poorly defined; from the Persian/Arabian Gulf to India and Sri Lanka (with records from the Red Sea and Oman need confirmation); possibly to Indonesia, the Philippines, China, New Guinea and Australia. Heemstra, P.C., E. Heemstra, D.A. Ebert, W. Holleman and J.E. Randall (eds.) 2022 Coastal fishes of the Western Indian Ocean Vol. 1. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, a National Research Facility of the National Research Foundation (NRF-SAIAB), 730 p. (Ref. 127960) FB-Uses-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-11-14 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-11-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=8731&StockCode=9053 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 2007-10-30 00:00:00 2023-04-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public granulatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Ranges from the intertidal to offshore continental shelves down to 119 m (Ref. 9909). Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last 1999 Rhinobatidae. Guitarfishes. p. 1423-1430. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 9909) FB-Size-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-11-14 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 280 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573)) Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-8731 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-27 00:00:00 2024-11-14 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8731 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 119 m (Ref. 9909) Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last 1999 Rhinobatidae. Guitarfishes. p. 1423-1430. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 9909)