FB-8924 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Rajiformes Rajidae Raja Raja asterias Delaroche, 1809 Raia-pintada Ferrez Ferrëza Raxha me yjëza Baqaret Nimr شِفنين بحري مُكَوْكَبة Razza stellina Stjernerokke Mittelmeer-Sternrochen Sternrochen Atlantic starry skate Mediterranean starry ray Starry ray Starry skate Vahemere rai Tähtirausku Raie étoilée Raža zvjezdopjega Arzilla Arzilla di rena Baracola bianca Picara stizziata Picara tunna Pichira fimminedda Pichira schizzata Raggia Ragia stiddata Raja d'arena Rascia Raseta Rassa Razza armata Razza stellata Scritta Raja Raja ta' l-ghajn Raja tal-kwiekeb Raja tat-tikek Rajja Stjärnrocka Vatoz Raia estrellada Raya estrellada Asprovatos Atlantische sterrog Rajada estrellada Zvezdasta raža Αστρόβατος Βάτος Ράγια Ράτσα Ρίνα Σαλάχι 星斑鰩 星斑鳐 Raia asterias Delaroche, 1809 Raia punctata Risso, 1810 Raia stellata Garman, 1913 Raja asteris Delaroche, 1809 Raja jojenia Cocco, 1834 Raja punctata (non Woodward, 1900-01) Raja punctata Risso, 1810 Raja punctatus Risso, 1810 Raja schultzii Müller & Henle, 1841 Raja stellata Garman, 1913 1994-03-04 2023-04-27 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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(Ref. 128520) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) Catalano, G., C. Valentina, A. Ferrari, R. Baino, D. Massi, A. Titone, C. Mancusi, F. Serena, R. Canna, L. Carugati, F. Hemida, C. Manfredi, R. Melis, G. Scarcella, L. Sion, M. Stagioni, F. Tinti and A. Cariani0 Strongly structured populations and reproductive habitat fragmentation increase the vulnerability of the Mediterranean starry ray <i>Raja asterias</i> (Elasmobranchii, Rajidae). Aquatic Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 32(1):66-84. (Ref. 131176) FB-pic-8924-18779 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1998-12-20 2025-04-24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Raast_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Raast_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2023-04-27 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabit inshore waters (Ref. 3167). Depth range to 170 m (Ref. 04426), and from 333-343 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feed on all kinds of benthic animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 4.5 cm long and 3.0 cm wide (Ref. 41304). Minimum depth range (Ref. 114953). McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn 1998 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314) FB-Distribution-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Eastern Atlantic: endemic to the Mediterranean but may spread to the Strait of Gibraltar, northern Morocco and possibly south to Mauritania. Stehmann, M. 1990 Rajidae. p. 29-50. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic. Junta Nacional de Investigaçao Cientifica e Tecnológica, Lisbon, Portugal. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4426) FB-Uses-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2023-04-27 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel 1984 Rajidae. p. 163-196. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 1. (Ref. 3167) FB-LifeCycle-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2023-04-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=8924&StockCode=9246 Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Spawning peak in summer to early autumn with 30 to more than 100 egg-cases per year depending on the size of the female (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-12-12 00:00:00 2000-12-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public asterias http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Inhabits inshore waters. Feeds on all kinds of benthic animals. Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel 1984 Rajidae. p. 163-196. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 1. (Ref. 3167) FB-Size-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2023-04-27 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 75.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 100834)); max. published weight: 2,549 g (Ref. 100834) Barría, C., J. Navarro, M. Coll, U. Fernancez-Arcaya and R. Sáez-Liante 2015 Morphological parameters of abundant and threatened chondrichthyans of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31(1):114-119. (Ref. 100834) Barría, C., J. Navarro, M. Coll, U. Fernancez-Arcaya and R. Sáez-Liante 2015 Morphological parameters of abundant and threatened chondrichthyans of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31(1):114-119. (Ref. 100834) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-8924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1994-03-04 00:00:00 2023-04-27 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8924 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 700 m (Ref. 127922), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 117283) Serena, F., A. Abella, R. Walls and N. Dulvy 2015 <i>Raja asterias</i>. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T63120A48913317. Accessed on 18 November 2022. (Ref. 127922) Fatimetou, M.K. and S. Younes 2016 Diet of <i>Raja asterias</i> (Delaroshe, 1809) caught along the Mediterranean part of the Moroccan coast (northern Morocco). J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 22(2):182-189. (Ref. 117283)