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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pentheroscion: Greek, pente = five + Greek, oschion = scrotum (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poll.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 50 - 350 m (Ref. 2683), usually 80 - 200 m (Ref. 3593). Deep-water; 12°N - 17°S
Eastern Atlantic: Guinea to southern Angola.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3593); common length : 25.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3593)
Found in deep shelf and upper slopes over mud, sand and rock bottoms. Also moves in midwater, in equatorial regions below the thermocline (Ref. 3593).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Ytterligare information
PopulärnamnsynonymerMetabolikPredatorerEkotoxikologiReproduktionKönsmognadLekSpawning aggregationFecundityÄggEgg development
Age/SizeTillväxtLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorfometriMorfologiLarverLarvdynamikRekryteringAbundansBRUVS
referenserVattenbrukVattenbruksprofilAvelslinjerGenetikElectrophoresesÄrftlighetSjukdomarBehandlingNutrientsMass conversion
MedarbetareBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LjudCiguateraHastighetSimsättGälytaOtolithsHjärnstorlekSyn
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 17.1, mean 15.6 °C (based on 25 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00278 - 0.01190), b=3.11 (2.93 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30.2 [14.5, 68.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.391 [0.180, 0.879] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.222 [0.099, 0.458] g/100g; Selenium = 19.2 [7.4, 46.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.7 [1.6, 48.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.388 [0.253, 0.606] mg/100g (wet weight);