Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 1 - 80 m (Ref. 3507). Subtropical; 22°S - 35°S
Western Indian Ocean: Natal to the Cape in South Africa.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?, range 53 - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3507); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 34.4 kg (Ref. 40637)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل): 12; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل): 10; خارهاي باله مخرجي 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 8. Adults with a large fleshy 'nose'.
Inhabits shallow, rocky coastal areas to 80 m depth. Rarely enters estuaries. Feeds on crabs, crayfish, sea urchins and other hard-shelled animals (Ref. 3670). Takes almost any bait (Ref. 3198). Important food fish. Head considered a delicacy in some areas (Ref. 3198). It is parasitised by the monogenean Anoplodiscus cirrusspiralis on the fins and body surface (Ref. 124057).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984. Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
اطلاعات بيشتر
مراجعآبزي پرورينمايه آبزي پرورينژادهاژنتيكElectrophoresesوارثبيماري هافرآوریNutrientsMass conversion
همكارانعکس هاStamps, Coins Misc.صداهاسيگواتراسرعتنوع شناگریمنطقه آبششيOtolithsمغزهابینایی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.7 - 26, mean 23.9 °C (based on 36 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00846 - 0.02836), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): خیلی آهسته, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت بيش از 14 سال (K=0.05; tmax=45).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.5 [18.7, 71.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.796 [0.436, 1.497] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.9, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.312 [0.189, 0.521] g/100g; Selenium = 32.4 [14.4, 64.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.53 [2.05, 23.50] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.739 [0.512, 1.054] mg/100g (wet weight);
