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Myliobatis freminvillei Lesueur, 1824

Bullnose eagle ray
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Myliobatis freminvillei   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Bullnose ray
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Offshore south, inshore south, inshore north of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also from Delaware Bay (Ref. 93252, 27549).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Lesueur.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển; Thuộc về nước lợ Sống nổi và đáy; Mức độ sâu 0 - 100 m (Ref. 57911), usually 1 - 10 m.   Subtropical; 43°N - 42°S, 97°W - 33°W

Sự phân bố Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Point map | Những chỉ dẫn | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: continental waters from Cape Cod to southeastern Florida (?) in the USA; also southern Brazil to Argentina (Ref. 58839). Reported (but not known for certain) from Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Caribbean islands, and northern South America. Often confused with Myliobatis goodei (Ref. 3173).

Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: Lm 65.0, range 60 - 70 cm
Max length : 129 cm WD con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 49746); common length : 70.0 cm WD con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5217)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Disk broad with long sharply pointed wings and projecting snout. Tail very long, Few middorsal spines on disk in adults (Ref. 7251). Greyish, reddish chocolate or dusky brown above. Lower surface either pure white or whitish. Teeth green (Ref. 6902).

Sinh học     Tự điển (thí dụ epibenthic)

Found frequently in coastal waters to 10 m depth, mainly in shallow estuaries. Capable of traveling long distances, occasionally leaps out of the water. Swims in midwater. Cruises slowly over the bottom, rooting out bivalves with its beak and wings when feeding (Ref. 7251). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối : McEachran, John | Người cộng tác

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Dễ bị tổn thương, xem Sách đỏ của IUCN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 21 June 2019

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

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Trophic ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
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Anatomy
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Não bộ
Otoliths
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 14.2 - 28.1, mean 24.2 (based on 594 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5002   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00123 - 0.01235), b=3.08 (2.82 - 3.34), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179):  Rất thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là hơn 14 năm (Fec=4-8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.