分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Trachinotinae
Etymology: Trachinotus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek,noton = back (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 36 m (Ref. 3277), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 55175). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 25°S, 100°W - 30°W (Ref. 55175)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to southeastern Brazil, including Bahamas and many of the West Indies (Ref. 7251). Reports from Africa are based on misidentifications, mostly referring to T. teraia (Ref. 81654).
西大西洋: 對巴西東南方的美國麻薩諸塞州, 包括巴哈馬與大部份西印度群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 54.7, range 48 - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 94.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3277); 最大體重: 36.0 kg (Ref. 5217); 最大年齡: 23 年 (Ref. 42149)
背棘 (總數) : 6 - 7; 背的軟條 (總數) : 18 - 21; 臀棘: 2 - 3; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 18. Dorsal and anal fins have very long, dark anterior lobes (Ref. 26938). No scutes; a broad patch of orange-yellow on abdomen in front of anal fin; pectoral fins blackish (Ref. 13442).
背鰭與臀鰭有非常長的, 黑的前面葉.(參考文獻 26938) 沒有鱗甲; 寬小區塊橘黃色的在臀鰭前面中的腹部上; 胸鰭黑色的.(參考文獻 13442)
Adults frequently in channels or holes, over sandy flats, around reefs, and at times over mud bottoms; usually solitary or in small schools; smaller fish tolerate brackish water. Spawn offshore (Ref. 26938). During the summer, juveniles are found in large schools especially in the surf zone along sandy beaches. Adults feed on mollusks, crabs, shrimps, and small fishes; juveniles on benthic invertebrates. Excellent food fish (Ref. 9626). Highly esteemed game fish caught on light tackle (Ref. 26938).
時常在峽道或洞的成魚, 在沙平台之上, 礁的周圍, 偶而在泥底之上; 通常獨居性或形成小群魚群; 較小的魚容忍半淡鹹水。 產卵外海。 (參考文獻 26938) 在夏天期間，稚魚在海浪區中尤其被發現於大群魚群沿著沙灘。 成魚吃軟體動物，螃蟹，蝦與小魚; 稚魚在底棲的無脊椎動物上。 優良的食用魚.(參考文獻 9626) 深受喜愛的遊釣魚類在輕型漁具上面捕獲了。 (參考文獻 26938)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 對巴西東南方的美國麻薩諸塞州, 包括巴哈馬與大部份西印度群島。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 26.1 °C (based on 624 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02754 (0.01646 - 0.04607), b=2.85 (2.71 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3; tmax=23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.2 [8.6, 45.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.618 [0.318, 1.376] mg/100g; Protein = 20.7 [18.6, 22.7] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.087, 0.331] g/100g; Selenium = 19 [8, 47] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.6 [2.6, 53.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.494 [0.296, 0.798] mg/100g (wet weight);
