Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 30 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 42°N - 10°S, 125°W - 14°E
Eastern Pacific and Eastern Atlantic: USA and Mexico; Dakar, Senegal to Luanda, Angola. Records from the western Atlantic (off Suriname and in the Caribbean Sea) seem doubtful.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 96339); common length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 55763)
Neritic, oceanic and epipelagic species (Ref. 27000) at surface (Ref. 96339). Capable of leaping out of the water and gliding for long distances above the surface.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Parin, N.V. and R.H. Gibbs Jr., 1990. Exocoetidae. p. 583-591. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4498)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 28.1, mean 24.3 °C (based on 2935 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).