Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους ? - 80 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 38°N - 26°S, 99°W - 32°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, North Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to southeastern Brazil (Ref. 57756). Indo-Pacific (Ref. 26165).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3790); common length : 10.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3790)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 2; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 27 - 29; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 27 - 29. Profile from snout to origin of first dorsal spine nearly straight (Ref. 26938). No enlarged spines on caudal peduncle, but males with an elongate patch of bristle-like spinules (Ref. 13442).
More common in offshore areas, including floating seaweed and flotsam, and around islands. Juveniles are associated with floating seaweeds (Ref. 3790). Probably feeds on plants and small invertebrates (Ref. 3790). Generally considered as trash fish, rarely consumed (Ref. 3790).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999. Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p. (Ref. 35505)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Human uses
αλιεία: παραδοσιακή αλιεία
Εργαλεία
Special reports
Download XML
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.7 - 28.5, mean 26.1 °C (based on 652 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00893 - 0.02686), b=2.92 (2.77 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.1 [13.7, 118.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.698 [0.316, 1.765] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.4, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.175 [0.079, 0.351] g/100g; Selenium = 16.8 [7.0, 40.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 39.7 [9.5, 173.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.898 [0.546, 1.525] mg/100g (wet weight);
