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South America: Brazil, Guyana, Peru (Ref. 36801), Ecuador (Ref. 91907) and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Recorded from Amazon River basin (Ref. 36801); Rio Guaporé in Brazil, Essequibo and Rupununi Rivers in Guyana (Ref. 91907). 南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域.(參考文獻 36801) 記錄來自阿根廷了。 (參考文獻 9086)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 18.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 111518)
臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12. Can be diagnosed by having the following characters: dark transversal bars on dorsum present; dark spots absent on the center of each body scale in some specimens; usually two, sometimes three or four midlateral dark blotches on body; angle of the dorsal and ventralmost radii of body scales between 110° and 180°; and cranial fontanel partially closed (Ref. 91907). Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are found in schools of 10-50 specimens in deeper water. They feed on plants (Ref. 13371). Distinct pairs breed on densely grown weedy places (Ref. 205).
在深水中的在 10-50 個個體魚群中; 吃植物。 (參考文獻 13371)
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Garavello, J.C. and H.A. Britski, 2003. Anostomidae (Headstanders). p. 71-84. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36801)
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻 82804): PD50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00561 - 0.01627), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻 120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈