Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten bottenlevande; djupintervall ? - 190 m (Ref. 47377), usually 18 - 70 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 26°N - 53°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Belize and Jamaica southward to Argentina Antilles, Central and South America (Ref. 26938).
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 26.2  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 104706); 45.0 cm TL (female); common length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3822); publicerad maxvikt: 114.10 g (Ref. 118626)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 9 - 10; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11 - 12; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 1; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 10.
Found on sand or muddy bottoms of the continental and insular shelves. Occasionally occurs over reefs. Feeds on shrimps, crabs, other crustaceans and fishes. Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Miller, G.C. and W.J. Richards, 1978. Triglidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). FAO, Rome. Vol. 5. pag.var. (Ref. 3822)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15 - 27.9, mean 26.1 °C (based on 464 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00763 - 0.01141), b=3.00 (2.95 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 68.1 [36.1, 163.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.978 [0.538, 1.847] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.1, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.584 [0.275, 1.520] g/100g; Selenium = 30 [14, 70] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [6.0, 39.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.885 [0.634, 1.252] mg/100g (wet weight);