Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Pateobatis: Combination of Latin 'pateo' for 'lie open, be exposed' and 'batis' for skate, ray or flatfish; referring to the eclectic nature of members of this group.
More on authors: Jordan & Seale.
Environment: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 9°N - 26°S
Indo-West Pacific: widespread, from South Africa to the central Pacific Islands, north to Japan (Okinawa). Frequently confused with Himantura jenkinsii (Ref. 9840).
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 115.4, range 120 - ? cm
Max length : 183 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); peso máx. publicado: 18.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
Uniformly tan to brownish pink dorsally. Inhabits lagoon and seaward sand flats from the intertidal to at least 200 m. Occurs in large aggregations (Ref. 37816).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
Occurs in aggregations over soft bottoms of the inner continental shelf, often near coral reefs (Ref. 9840). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Size at birth at about 55 cm WD (Ref. 6871). Feeds on fishes, crustaceans and molluscs (Ref. 89972). Common catch of the demersal tangle net, bottom trawl and, to a lesser extend, longline fisheries. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048). By-catch of prawn trawlers (Ref. 6871).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Size at birth ~ 55 cm WD (Ref.58048).
Mould, B., 1994. A world list of rays. The scientific nomenclature and distribution of the recent Batoidea (Batoidea, Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyes). University of Nottingham, [UK]. 82 p. (Ref. 8630)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Venomous
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.7 - 28.2, mean 26.7 °C (based on 471 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00486 - 0.02155), b=3.06 (2.87 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
🛈
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 4.72 [0.53, 68.64] mg/100g; Iron = 0.359 [0.028, 3.857] mg/100g; Protein = 21.3 [18.7, 23.9] %; Omega3 = 0.0812 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 45.3 [8.5, 225.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.5 [1.6, 202.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.609 [0.036, 7.165] mg/100g (wet weight);
