(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Rhinobatidae (Guitarfishes)
Etymology: Rhinobatos: Greek, rhinos = nose + Greek, batis, -idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Norman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; هردو رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 70 - 76 m (Ref. 123963). Tropical; 24°N - 5°N, 66°E - 91°E (Ref. 114953)
Indian Ocean: West Bengal to Myanmar, upper Bay of Bengal (India) to possibly Arabian Sea; Sri Lanka (Ref. 114953).
Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 114953)
توصيف مختصر
كليدهاي شناسايي | ريخت شناسي | ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري
This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: disc is wedge-shaped, rather large, its width 35-37% TL, its length 1.2-1.3 times width; snout is relatively short, length 2.5-2.7 times interspiracular distance, ~3.4 times interorbital width; orbit diameter 1.2-1.4 times the spiracle length; nostrils are moderately oblique, length 1.3-1.5 times internarial distance; mouth width 6.3-6.9% TL; preoral length 5.5-5.9 times internarial distance; posterior nasal flaps are broad; two spiracular folds, the outermost fold subequal to marginally taller than inner fold; ridges of the rostral cartilage almost parallel, widely separated, converging slightly anteriorly but not constricted medially; anterior cartilage weakly sickle-shaped, almost truncate posteriorly; distance between the fifth gill slits 2.5-2.7 times in ventral head length; prebranchial sensory pore system distinct, extending posteriorly to margin of first gill slit; postscapular sensory canal notched, the lateral pores exposed; with weak thorn patches on supraorbit and scapular region, and row of rudimentary thorns (inconspicuous) along dorsal midline; denticles on dorsal fins densest anteriorly, more sparse posteriorly; dorsal fins are small, height of first 7.7-8.1% TL; pelvic-fin inner margin subequal to or shorter than its base length; interdorsal distance 2.3-2.9 times first dorsal-fin base; dorsal caudal margin 1.9-2.0 times the preventral margin; upper jaw with ~118 tooth rows; snout angle ~61°; pectoral radials 68-72; post-synarcual centra ~164; nasal lamellae ~49. Colouration: dorsal fins brownish anteriorly while dusky posteriorly and apically; dorsal disc of adults is uniformly brown to greenish, with or without large, regularly spaced cloudy blotches (faint orange to dusky, more or less symmetrically arranged and of irregular sizes); ventral disc and tail are pale; undersurface of snout without large, black, teardrop marking (Ref. 123963).
Cross section: flattened.
Found on benthic inshore areas on continental shelf to at least 76 m depth (Ref. 123963). Also known to inhabit river mouths. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Confused with other species in the Indian Ocean, biology unknown (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Last, P.R., B. Séret and G.J.P. Naylor, 2019. Description of Rhinobatos ranongensis sp. nov.(Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae) from the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal with a review of its northern Indian Ocean congeners. Zootaxa 4576(2):257-287. (Ref. 123963)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00295 (0.00151 - 0.00578), b=3.13 (2.96 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (مرجع
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
🛈
